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Klio2033 [76]
3 years ago
10

What does the acronym "pH" represent?

Chemistry
2 answers:
pentagon [3]3 years ago
5 0
PH stands for potential Hydrogen
vladimir1956 [14]3 years ago
4 0
PH stands for "potential hydrogen". :)
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5. At 20°C, the water autoionization constant, Kw, is 6.8 ´ 10–15. What is the H3O+ concentration in neutral water at this tempe
rjkz [21]

Explanation:

Let us assume that the concentration of [OH^{-} and H^{+} is equal to x. Then expression for K_{w} for the given reaction is as follows.

          K_{w} = [OH^{-}][H^{+}]

          K_{w} = x^{2}

      6.8 \times 10^{-15} = x^{2}

Now, we will take square root on both the sides as follows.

          \sqrt{6.8 \times 10^{-15}} = \sqrt{x^{2}}

          [H^{+}] = 8.2 \times 10^{-8} M

Thus, we can conclude that the H_{3}O^{+} concentration in neutral water at this temperature is 8.2 \times 10^{-8} M.

8 0
3 years ago
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The volume of a gas is 36.0 ml at 10.0°c and 4.50 atm. at what temperature (°c) will the gas have a pressure of 3.50 atm and a v
galben [10]
Using the combined gas law, where PV/T = constant, we first solve for PV/T for the initial conditions: (4.50 atm)(36.0 mL)/(10.0 + 273.15 K) = 0.57213.
Remember to use absolute temperature.
For the final conditions: (3.50 atm)(85.0 mL)/T = 297.5/T
Since these must equal, 0.57213 = 297.5/T
T = 519.98 K
Subtracting 273.15 gives 246.83 degC.
5 0
2 years ago
Calculate the pH for each of the following cases in the titration of 50.0 mL of 0.210 M HClO(aq) with 0.210 M KOH(aq).
Degger [83]
a) before addition of any KOH : 

when we use the Ka equation & Ka = 4 x 10^-8 : 

Ka = [H+]^2 / [ HCIO]

by substitution:

4 x 10^-8 = [H+]^2 / 0.21

[H+]^2 = (4 x 10^-8) * 0.21

           = 8.4 x 10^-9

[H+] = √(8.4 x 10^-9)

       = 9.2 x 10^-5 M

when PH = -㏒[H+]

   PH = -㏒(9.2 x 10^-5)

        = 4  

b)After addition of 25 mL of KOH: this produces a buffer solution 

So, we will use Henderson-Hasselbalch equation to get PH:

PH = Pka +㏒[Salt]/[acid]


first, we have to get moles of HCIO= molarity * volume

                                                           =0.21M * 0.05L

                                                           = 0.0105 moles

then, moles of KOH = molarity * volume 

                                  = 0.21 * 0.025

                                  =0.00525 moles 

∴moles HCIO remaining = 0.0105 - 0.00525 = 0.00525

and when the total volume is = 0.05 L + 0.025 L =  0.075 L

So the molarity of HCIO = moles HCIO remaining / total volume

                                        = 0.00525 / 0.075

                                        =0.07 M

and molarity of KCIO = moles KCIO / total volume

                                    = 0.00525 / 0.075

                                    = 0.07 M

and when Ka = 4 x 10^-8 

∴Pka =-㏒Ka

         = -㏒(4 x 10^-8)

         = 7.4 

by substitution in H-H equation:

PH = 7.4 + ㏒(0.07/0.07)

∴PH = 7.4 

c) after addition of 35 mL of KOH:

we will use the H-H equation again as we have a buffer solution:

PH = Pka + ㏒[salt/acid]

first, we have to get moles HCIO = molarity * volume 

                                                        = 0.21 M * 0.05L

                                                        = 0.0105 moles

then moles KOH = molarity * volume
                            =  0.22 M* 0.035 L 

                            =0.0077 moles 

∴ moles of HCIO remaining = 0.0105 - 0.0077=  8 x 10^-5

when the total volume = 0.05L + 0.035L = 0.085 L

∴ the molarity of HCIO = moles HCIO remaining / total volume 

                                      = 8 x 10^-5 / 0.085

                                      = 9.4 x 10^-4 M

and the molarity of KCIO = moles KCIO / total volume

                                          = 0.0077M / 0.085L

                                          = 0.09 M

by substitution:

PH = 7.4 + ㏒( 0.09 /9.4 x 10^-4)

∴PH = 8.38

D)After addition of 50 mL:

from the above solutions, we can see that 0.0105 mol HCIO reacting with 0.0105 mol KOH to produce 0.0105 mol KCIO which dissolve in 0.1 L (0.5L+0.5L) of the solution.

the molarity of KCIO = moles KCIO / total volume

                                   = 0.0105mol / 0.1 L

                                   = 0.105 M

when Ka = KW / Kb

∴Kb = 1 x 10^-14 / 4 x 10^-8

       = 2.5 x 10^-7

by using Kb expression:

Kb = [CIO-] [OH-] / [KCIO]

when [CIO-] =[OH-] so we can substitute by [OH-] instead of [CIO-]

Kb = [OH-]^2 / [KCIO] 

2.5 x 10^-7 = [OH-]^2 /0.105

∴[OH-] = 0.00016 M

POH = -㏒[OH-]

∴POH = -㏒0.00016

           = 3.8
∴PH = 14- POH

        =14 - 3.8

PH = 10.2

e) after addition 60 mL of KOH:

when KOH neutralized all the HCIO so, to get the molarity of KOH solution

M1*V1= M2*V2

 when M1 is the molarity of KOH solution

V1 is the total volume = 0.05 + 0.06 = 0.11 L

M2 = 0.21 M 

V2 is the excess volume added  of KOH = 0.01L

so by substitution:

M1 * 0.11L = 0.21*0.01L

∴M1 =0.02 M

∴[KOH] = [OH-] = 0.02 M

∴POH = -㏒[OH-]

           = -㏒0.02 

           = 1.7

∴PH = 14- POH

       = 14- 1.7 

      = 12.3 
8 0
3 years ago
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Which diagram shows a pair of electrons that have opposite spins?
Nastasia [14]

It's B ------------------------------------

7 0
3 years ago
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Atoms of two adjacent elements in the third period are in the ground state. An atom of element A has only s electrons in its val
Dennis_Churaev [7]

Answer:

Explanation:

A is Magnesium, B is Aluminium both are adjacent element and lie in third period.

Magnesium with atomic number of 12 consist two s electrons in it's valence shell in ground state whereas, Aluminium which has atomic number of 13 consist three electrons in it's valence shell in the ground state out of which two are s electrons and only one p electron.

4 0
3 years ago
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