Answer:
Topology means arrangement of nodes
Explanation:
In computer science the word topology means the arrangement of nodes and elements in a network. For any topology we do need nodes and cables for maintaining the infrastructure.
In mesh topology the all nodes use to get connected by direct link. While each and every node is directly associated with one another. In this infrastructure we do need lot cabling where every node will be connected with one another. While usage of good quality cable in network is also expensive to manage. Although there are lot of benefits of this topology, where the transmission of data would never stop if node is not working the rest will be working to transfer the data among other nodes ,this is more secure because there is no traffic for data to travel via many nodes to reach the destination. Every node is directly connected and communicate. So, once the node is not working the communication will not be stop but the maintenance and troubleshooting will be difficult in this infrastructure.
It is proved along with lot of benefits and network security ,this infrastructure is having some disadvantages as well. Cabling expense , maintenance cost etc . usually small scale networks do not prefer mesh topology. Small scale and low budget companies can not afford this topology because it is expensive.
Although we do believe that the data security is most important for today's era ,so few companies those wanted to keep their information secure and confidential they must use mesh topology by ignoring the cost incurred for this set up. Data security and integrity would never be compromised by some of the companies.
Mesh topology is more safer, more quick infrastructure which is although very expensive , difficult to mange and maintain. Moreover it is overhead of cabling as well to connect every node but the demand of mesh topology would never be less. It is demanding and appealing topology still.
Answer:
Explanation:
The following code is written in Python. It is a recursive function that tests the first and last character of the word and keeps checking to see if each change would create the palindrome. Finally, printing out the minimum number needed to create the palindrome.
import sys
def numOfSwitches(word, start, end):
if (start > end):
return sys.maxsize
if (start == end):
return 0
if (start == end - 1):
if (word[start] == word[end]):
return 0
else:
return 1
if (word[start] == word[end]):
return numOfSwitches(word, start + 1, end - 1)
else:
return (min(numOfSwitches(word, start, end - 1),
numOfSwitches(word, start + 1, end)) + 1)
word = input("Enter a Word: ")
start = 0
end = len(word)-1
print("Number of switches required for palindrome: " + str(numOfSwitches(word, start, end)))
Answer:Technology law scholars have recently started to consider the theories of affordance and technological mediation, imported from the fields of psychology, human-computer interaction (HCI), and science and technology studies (STS). These theories have been used both as a means of explaining how the law has developed, and more recently in attempts to cast the law per se as an affordance. This exploratory paper summarises the two theories, before considering these applications from a critical perspective, noting certain deficiencies with respect to potential normative application and definitional clarity, respectively. It then posits that in applying them in the legal context we should seek to retain the relational user-artefact structure around which they were originally conceived, with the law cast as the user of the artefact, from which it seeks certain features or outcomes. This approach is effective for three reasons. Firstly, it acknowledges the power imbalance between law and architecture, where the former is manifestly subject to the decisions, made by designers, which mediate and transform the substance of the legal norms they instantiate in technological artefacts. Secondly, from an analytical perspective, it can help avoid some of the conceptual and definitional problems evident in the nascent legal literature on affordance. Lastly, approaching designers on their own terms can foster better critical evaluation of their activities during the design process, potentially leading to more effective ‘compliance by design’ where the course of the law’s mediation by technological artefacts can be better anticipated and guided by legislators, regulators, and legal practitioners.
Keywords
Affordance, technological mediation, postphenomenology, legal theory, compliance by design, legal design
Answer:
Following are attached images that will help you understand the complete code. The code is tested with different variables and different outputs are obtained. All the necessary description is given in the form o comments inside the code.
Explanation:
