Question

A variety of factors influence enzyme activity. Substances that bind to the enzyme and interfere with substrate binding or catalysis are inhibitors. Identify the type of inhibition associated with each of the following descriptions and examples by assigning: (a) Irreversible Inhibition (b) Competitive Inhibition (c) Mixed Inhibition
1. _______Inhibitor may permanently modify an enzyme
2. _______Tamiflu, a transition state analog, reversibly binds to neuraminindase
3. _______Inhibitor binds reversibly to an enzyme's active
4. _______Inhibitor binds to an enzyme at a site other than active site
5. _______The Al3+ ion binds to acetylcholinesterase or to the acetylcholinesterase- substrate complex
6. _______DIPF permanently modifies the hydroxyl group of a Ser residue at the active site

Answer 1

Answer:

1. Irreversible Inhibition-Inhibitor may permanently modify an enzyme

2. Irreversible inhibition- Tamiflu, a transition state analog, reversibly binds to neuraminindase

3. Competitive Inhibition-Inhibitor binds reversibly to an enzyme's active

4.Irreversible inhibition-Inhibitor binds to an enzyme at a site other than active site

5. Mixed inhibition-The Al3+ ion binds to acetylcholinesterase or to the acetylcholinesterase- substrate complex

6. Irreversible inhibition-DIPF permanently modifies the hydroxyl group of a Serine residue at the active site

Explanation:

• An enzyme is a biological catalyst that catalysis chemical reactions.
• Enzyme activity is influenced by several factors which include enzyme inhibitors, temperature, and pH among others.
• Enzyme inhibitors are molecules that bind to the enzyme thus interfering with enzyme activity and preventing the binding of substrate to the enzyme.
• Inhibitors may either irreversibly or reversibly bind the enzymes.
• Competitive inhibitors compete with substrates for the active sites while non-competitive inhibitors bind irreversibly to other sites on the enzyme other than the active site.
• Tamiflu is an example of a competitive inhibitor.
• DIPF is an example of a non-competitive inhibitor as it binds the enzyme permanently.