Answer: The person was not at a position of "0" at any time. The person started at 10 metres from the starting line. The explanation below shows how to use the standard formula for position when the initial position is not "0". It is noteworthy that the standard expression of the formula for distance travelled does not include a variable (e.g. "d") for distance at the start (when t(time) = 0)
Explanation: At time = 0, the start, the person was at 10m distance from the starting line. Therefore, to use the standard equation, "s + ut + 1/2att (t squared, that is), distance from starting line = 10 + s, that is, total distance from starting line equals initial position, 10 metres, plus "s" (distance travelled from t = 0 to t = 1) in metres.
for the section of the graph from "0" seconds (t = 0) to 1 second (t = 1):
s = ut + 1/2att
the initial position is 10 metres.
s = 10
the distance is constant from t = 0 to t = 1, therefore the velocity for the whole of that section of graph must be 0.
u = 0
there is no change in the velocity from t = 0 to t= 1, therefore the acceleration for the first section of the graph must be 0.
a = 0
s = ut + 1/2att
= (0 x 1) + 1/2 (0 x 1 x 1)
= (0) + 1/2 (0)
= 0
total distance from starting line (position) equals initial position plus change in position (distance travelled).
at t = 1,
position = 10 + 0
= 10 metres
The whole of the graph can be analysed using this process for each straight section of the graph separately, adding "s" for each section to the previous total of distance from starting line.
using "d" for initial distance from starting line ( position ), d1 for distance from starting line at t = 1, d2 for distance from starting line at t = 2, etcetera:
section 1, t = 0 to t = 1:
d1 (t=0 to t=1) = 10 + s (t=0 to t=1).
section 2, t= 1 to t = 2:
d2 (t=0 to t=2) = 10 + s (t=0 to t=1) + s (t=1 to t=2).
etcetera.
