To move substances against a concentration or electrochemical gradient, the cell must utilize energy in the form of ATP during active transport. Primary active transport, which is directly dependent on ATP, moves ions across a membrane and creates a difference in charge across that membrane.
<span>The amount of genes we have is considered an estimation. They
used to believe it was around or above 100,000. Then when the human genome project (HGP)
was completed in 2003 their estimation brought it down to 20,000 to 25,000. You
can find their current work at “national human genome research institute” and
also a free public database. </span>
Explanation:
when glucose concentration is high the pancreas secretes more insulin while if the glucose level falls the pancreas secretes glucagon to raise them
Answer:
they occur because things caused by environmental factors such as ultraviolet radiation from the sun or can occur if an error is made as DNA copies itself during cell division.
