Question

Which type of reaction occurs when a high energy particle collides with the nucleus of an atom, converting that atom to an atom of a different element?
(1) addition (3) substitution
(2) neutralization (4) transmutation

Answer 1

Answer: (4) transmutation

Explanation:

Addition reaction is defined as the reaction in which two reactants get added to give single product.

$A+B\rightarrow AB$

Substitution reaction is defined as the reaction in which one atom replaces the other atom from the compound.

$AB+C\rightarrow AC+B$

Neutralization reaction  is defined as the chemical reaction in which an acid reacts with a base to produce a salt and water molecule.

$HX+BOH\rightarrow BX}H_2O$

Transmutation is a chemical reaction in which nucleus of the atom undergoes a change by radioactive decay and thus result into formation of new nucleus.

$_{92}^{235}\textrm{U}+_0^1\textrm{n}\rightarrow _{56}^{143}Ba+_{36}^{90}Kr+3_0^1\textrm{n}$

Answer 2

The term used is transmutation