Answer:
t₀ = 1.55 s
Explanation:
According to Einstein's Theory of Relativity, when an object moves with a speed comparable to speed of light, the time interval measured for the event, by an observer in motion relative to the event is not the same as measured by an observer at rest.
It is given as:
t = t₀/[√(1 - v²/c²)]
where,
t = time measured by astronaut in motion = 3.1 s
t₀ = time required according to observer on earth = ?
v = relative velocity = 0.87 c
c = speed of light
3.1 s = t₀/[√(1 - 0.87²c²/c²)]
(3.1 s)(0.5) = t₀
<u>t₀ = 1.55 s</u>
The electrostatic energy stored in a capacitor with capacitance

, with a voltage difference V applied to it, and without dielectric, is given by

Now let's assume we fill the space between the two plates of the capacitor with a dielectric with constant k. The new capacitance of the capacitor is

So, the energy stored now is

Therefore, the ratio between the energies stored in the capacitor before and after the introduction of the dielectric is
This is observational learning because Ian observed that his peers waited in the cafeteria until the first bell rings. He decided to imitate them.