Answer:Biological Surplus is the amount of animals in a given population that are "above" the carrying capacity.
Explanation:
Plants make their food in their leaves. And need sun for this process, so smaller and fewer leaves means less sun for photosynthesis, and it also means less food to nourish the plant.
A photon of light hits chlorophyll, causing an electron to be energized.
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Answer: c) and b) are correct.
The brain is encased in a protective bony or cartilaginous housing in craniates.
The anterior end of the nerve cord is elaborated to form a brain in craniates.
Explanation: The craniates include the chordata with well-defined heads. This includes mammals, reptiles and fishes. So we can discard the other answers. Because most craniates have functional jaws, and the adults do not lose their chordate characteristics. The last one does not apply as a specific feature because the tunicate have neural crest but are not recognized as craniata.
