Answer:

Explanation:
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In this case, since the thermodynamic definition of the Gibbs free energy for a change process is:

It is possible to plug in the given H, T and S with consistent units, to obtain the correct G as shown below:

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Answer:
1)Na2O
let the valency of Na is x
2(x)+(2)=0
2x+2=0
2x=-2
x=-1
2)ZnO
let the valency of Zn is x
x+2=0
x=-2
3)Al2O3
let the valency of Al is x
2(x)+3(2)=0
2x+6=0
2x=-6
x=-3
4)MgO
let the valency of Mg is x
x+2=0
x=-2
Answer: Silicon the first two electrons will go in the 1s orbital. Since 1s can only hold two electrons the next 2 electrons for Silicon go in the 2s orbital. The next six electrons will go in the 2p orbital. The p orbital can hold up to six electrons.
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Answer:
They have adapted to different niches.
Explanation:
due to competition