<u>4 ATP</u> and 2 GTP equivalents are expended to convert 2 pyruvates to 1 glucose in gluconeogenesis.
- The process through which glucose is produced from non-carbohydrate metabolites is known as gluconeogenesis.
- Pyruvate, lactate, a few gluconeogenic amino acids, and glycerol, which is mostly produced by fat metabolism, are the main gluconeogenic precursors.
- Four ATP, two GTP, and two NADH are required to produce each molecule of glucose from two pyruvate molecules. At a cost of 6 ATP molecules used in gluconeogenesis, glycolysis generates 2 ATP molecules.
- Pyruvate is converted back to glucose during gluconeogenesis by the following steps:
<em>2 Pyruvate+ 4 ATP + 2 GTP + 2 NADH + 2 H > Glucose + 4 ADP + 2 GDP + 6 Pi + 2 NAD + (2)</em>
- Even though it includes many of the same processes as glycolysis,
- Must make use of a variety of "new" reactions to avoid huge
- Favorable improvements in standard free energy
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Answer:reaction, or reactants becoming products: A + B →. C + D reactants products ... CaCl2 has two Cl's because Ca is +2 charged so we need two –1 ... Due to the Law of Conservation, the number of atoms (and the mass) of each ... This is a balanced equation – same number of H and O atoms on both sides of the arrow.
Explanation:
During glacial periods, the concentration of carbon dioxide in trapped air bubbles in glacial ice is lower when paralleled to the absorption throughout inter-glacial periods. A glacial period is otherwise glacial or glaciation is an interval of time which is thousands of years in an ice age that is manifest by colder temperatures and glacier progresses. Inter-glacial on the other hand, are stages of warmer climate among glacial periods.
Answer:
C (Ribosomes)
Explanation:
Ideally, protein synthesis is a process that occurs in living cells involving the transcription of DNA into mRNA molecule and a subsequent translation of the mRNA into amino acids, which encodes proteins.
However, in vitro (test tube) production of proteins can be done outside living cells, which means that the site of protein synthesis in living cells called RIBOSOME is not needed for the in vitro procedure.
Answer:
Experimental group
Explanation:
The experimental group is the group that is exposed to the independent variable which is being tested in the experiment. For example, in an experiment to test if the nucleus is required for the survival of amoeba, some of the amoeba cells were enucleated. The enucleated amoeba cells represent the experimental group here.