Answer:
shorter
longer
Explanation:
The carbon-carbon bond length in ethylene is <u>shorter</u> than the carbon-carbon bond length in ethane, and the HCH bond angle in ethylene is <u>longer</u> the HCH bond angle in ethane.
The objective of this question is to let us understand the concept of Bond Length and Bond angle among the unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons (i.e alkanes, alkenes and alkynes).
The variation in bond angles of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons can be explained by two concepts; The valence shell electron pair repulsion (VSEPR) model and hybridization.
The VSEPR model determines the total number of electron pairs surrounding the central atom of a species. The total number of electron pairs consist of the bond pairs and lone pairs. All the electron pairs( lie charge ) will then orient themselves in such a way to minimize the electrostatic repulsion between them.
As the number of the lone pairs increases from zero to 2 ; the bond angles diminish progressively.
However;
Hybridization is the mixing or blending of two or more pure atomic orbitals (s,p and d) to form two or more hybrid atomic orbitals that are identical in shape and energy . e.g sp, sp² , sp³ hybrid orbitals etc .
The shape of the geometry of this compound hence determines their bond angle.
The shape of the geometry of ethane is tetrahedral which is 109.5° in bond angle while that of ethylene is trigonal planar which is 120°.
This is why the HCH bond angle in ethylene is longer the HCH bond angle in ethane .
Answer:
Reactants have more energy than products
Explanation:
Generally, in an exothermic reaction heat is released. In other words, energy is released. So you start with reactants which have a set amount of stored chemical energy, and you lose some in the reaction. Since energy is 'leaving', the stored chemical energy in the products is less than what we started with in the reactants. When given a graph, you can tell this is true because going from left to right, the line representing the stored chemical energy will start at a higher level than where it ends.
The relationship of a pair of compounds could be one between these options :
- Structural isomerisms
happened when molecules with same molecular formula have bonded together in different orders
- Stereoisomerism
Happened when two or more compounds differing only in the spatial arrangement of their atom
hope this helps
Answer: four different types!!!!
Explanation:
