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Westkost [7]
3 years ago
11

Lumen

Health
1 answer:
faust18 [17]3 years ago
7 0

Answer:

Lumen corresponds to the central opening of a vessel (option d).

Explanation:

From the biological point of view, lumen is the internal space of any structure or tubular organ, whose purpose is the conduction of substances through it.

In the case of blood vessels, the lumen is a central space covered by a simple epithelium, called the endothelium, which ensures the passage of blood in a fluid form.

The other options do not correspond to the answer:

<em>     a. </em><u><em>Vessel that empties into the right atrium</em></u><em> is the vena cava</em>

<em>     b. </em><u><em>Fibrous sac around the heart </em></u><em>is the pericardium. </em>

<em>     c. </em><u><em>Structure that keeps fluid moving forward</em></u><em>, it is a blood vessel. </em>

<em>     e. </em><u><em>Lower, pointed region of the heart</em></u><em>, corresponds to the cardiac apex.</em>

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A nurse would consider the ethics of care and consider caring to be the center of decision-making.

<h3>What is the ethics of care?</h3>

Ethics of care refers to the ethics or guideline which considers providing care as the main hallmark of a nurse.

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Last year, Adam and his five friends all bought baby mice from the same litter. When they get together a year later, all of the
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The activation of beta2 receptors in the bronchi causes bronchodilation (an increase in diameter of the bronchi), making it easi
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Answer:

A. epinephrine

Explanation:

Bronchial constriction usually involves the tightening of the smooth muscles which surrounds the tube-like  bronchial airways. This occurs via extra mucus production, spasming of smooth muscles, or swelling/inflammation of layers within bronchi or bronchioles. Bronchial constriction typically results in symptoms of wheezing, coughing and shortness of breath.

This can be treated via the use of the hormone epinephrine, a bronchiodilator. For some cases like asthma, epinephrine in small aerosolized (inhaled) doses can lead to the <em>temporary</em> relief of symptoms. Epinephrine acts by  making bronchial tubes wider to allow the passage of air.

In the body, smooth muscle cells in the veins, arteries and heart are under the control of epinephrine receptors called β2 receptors. Epinephrine binding to the receptor triggers a cell signalling cascade that activates β2 receptors to dilate smooth muscle in the lungs.

Here's how-

  • Calcium is essential to mediating muscle cell signalling and thus contraction
  • in the lungs, epinepherine-β2 receptor binding leads to enzyme activation (adenylyl cyclase)
  • conversion of the energy molecule ATP to the secondary messenger molecule cyclic AMP.
  • cAMP inhibits the activity of the enzyme <em>myosin light chain kinase </em>(MLCK) in smooth muscle
  • ∴ the enzyme remains inactive and the muscles relax

<em>Summary:</em><em> epinephrine → muscle relaxation →</em><em> bronchial dilation (reduced diameter) </em><em>→  decreased respiratory distress → easier breathing.</em>

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