Answer:
Photoelectric effect, pair production and Compton scattering
Explanation:
Gamma rays, having no charge, can be slowed slowly by ionization as a material passes through. They suffer other mechanisms that eventually make them disappear, transferring their energy, they can cross several centimeters of a solid, or hundreds of meters of air, without undergoing any process or affecting the material they cross. Then they suffer one of the three effects and deposit much of their energy there. The three mechanisms of interaction with matter are: the photoelectric effect, the Compton effect and the production of pairs.
The photoelectric effect is that the photon meets an electron in the material and transfers all its energy, disappearing the original photon. The secondary electron acquires all the energy of the photon in the form of kinetic energy, and is sufficient to separate it from its atom and convert it into a projectile. This is stopped by ionization and excitation of the material
In the Compton effect the photon collides with an electron as if it were a clash between two elastic spheres. The secondary electron acquires only part of the energy of the photon and the rest takes it with another photon of lesser energy and diverted.
When an energy photon approaches the intense electric field of a nucleus, the production of pairs can happen. In this case the photon is transformed into an electron positron pair. Since the sum of the mass of the pair is 1.02 MeV, it cannot happen if the photon's energy is less than this amount. If the energy of the original photon is greater than 1.02 MeV, the surplus is distributed by the electron and the positron as kinetic energy, and the material can be ionized. The positron at the end of its path forms a positronium and then annihilates producing two annihilation photons, 0.51 MeV each.
Answer:
Molarity = 0.08 M
Explanation:
Given data:
Mass of sodium carbonate = 10.6 g
Volume of water = 1.25 L
Molarity of solution = ?
Solution:
First of all we will calculate the moles of solute.
Number of moles = mass/molar mass
Number of moles = 10.6 g/ 106 g/mol
Number of moles = 0.1 mol
Formula:
Molarity = moles of solute / volume of solution in L
Now we will put the values in formula.
Molarity = 0.1 mol / 1.25 L
Molarity = 0.08 M
<u>Answer:</u>
<em>1) ∆H is positive 
Endothermic
</em>
<em>2) 
Endothermic </em>
<em>3) Energy is absorbed Endothermic
</em>
<em>4) 
Exothermic
</em>
<em>5) ∆H is negtive Exothermic
</em>
<em></em>
<u>Explanation:</u>
∆H is called as enthalpy change
It is also called as Heat of reaction
Energy is required for the bond to break a bond.
Energy is released when a bond is formed.
that is
We see in this equation, bonds between hydrogen and chlorine molecules gets broken and on the right side bond is formed in HCl.
If energy of products greater than energy of reactants then the reaction enthalpy change is endothermic .
If energy of products lesser than energy of reactants then the reaction enthalpy change is exothermic .
For example
(positive hence endothermic)
(negative hence exothermic)
Volume of Argon V1 = 5.0 L
Pressure of Argon P1 = 2 atm
Final temperature T2 = 30 C = 30 + 273 = 303 K
Volume at final temperature V2= 6 L
Pressure at final temperature P2 = 8 atm
We know that (P1 x V1) / T1 = (P2 x V2) / T2
(2 x 5)/ T1 = (8 x 6)/ 303 => T1 = (10 x 303) / 48
Initial Temperature T1 = 3030 / 48 = 63.12
Initial Temperature = -209. 8 C
