Question

A 0.10 M solution of Na2HPO4 could be made a buffer solution with all of the following EXCEPT ________.NaH2PO4K3PO4Na3PO4H3PO4

Answer 1

The answer is: H₃PO₄.

A phosphoric acid is three protic acid, which means that in water release tree protons.

Phosphoric acid ionizes in three steps in water.

First step: H₃PO₄(aq) ⇄ H₂PO₄⁻(aq) + H⁺(aq).

Second step: H₂PO₄⁻(aq)⇄ HPO₄²⁻(aq) + H⁺(aq).

Third step: HPO₄²⁻(aq) ⇄ PO₄³⁻(aq) + H⁺(aq).

Species that are present: H₃PO₄, H₂PO₄⁻, HPO₄²⁻, PO₄³⁻ and H⁺.

A buffer can be defined as a substance that prevents the pH of a solution from changing by either releasing or absorbing H⁺ in a solution.

Buffer is a solution that can resist pH change upon the addition of an acidic or basic components and it is able to neutralize small amounts of added acid or base, pH of the solution is relatively stable.