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As people have become more health-conscious and decided to eat food that is better for them the demand curve for oranges and apples has shifted to the right.
Answer:
<em>(A) Unit variable costs fluctuate and unit fixed costs remain constant.</em>
Explanation:
The <em>fixed costs</em> are the costs which have to be incurred always, irrespective of what the output produced is by the firm. For instance, a firm always has to charge depreciation on its fixed assets, pay salary to the premises staff and pay fixed salary to the managers for managing etc, irrespective of whatever output it produces.
<em>Variable costs</em> are the costs which vary with the level of output produced activity. For example, if more output is produced more will be the raw material payments, more will be the manufacturing related other expenses and more will be the wages paid to the labour etc and vice-versa.
Hence, thereby the per <em>unit variable costs fluctuate and unit fixed costs remain constant.</em>
Answer: c.
In a competitive market, there are many producers competing to provide consumers the products they needed and thus they cannot dictate prices.
If a surplus occurs, there is an excess of quantity supplied and since producers won't be able to sell all their products, they tend or are forced to lower their price.
The reverse happens when there is a shortage. When there is less supply in the market, price increases.
Surplus and shortage in a competitive market, therefore, will cause shifts in the demand and supply curves that tend to eliminate the surplus or shortage.
Most likely would be a democratic system.
