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Anna71 [15]
3 years ago
14

Annealing is a process by which steel is reheated and then cooled to make it less brittle. Consider the reheat stage for a 100-m

m-thick steel plate ( 7830 kg/m3 , c 550 J/kg K, k 48 W/m K), which is initially at a uniform temperature of Ti 200 C and is to be heated to a minimum temperature of 550 C. Heating is effected in a gas-fired furnace, where products of combustion at T 800 C maintain a convection coefficient of h 250 W/m2 K on both surfaces of the plate. How long should the plate be left in the furnace
Engineering
1 answer:
zvonat [6]3 years ago
8 0

Answer:

T = 858.25 s

Explanation:

Given data:

Reheat stage for a 100-mm-thick steel plate ( 7830 kg/m3,  c 550 J/kg K, k 48 W/m K),

initial uniform temperature ( Ti ) = 200 c

Final temperature = 550 c

convection coefficient  = 250 w/m^2 k

products combustion temp = 800 c

calculate how long the plate should be left in the furnace ( to attain 550 c )

first calculate/determine the Fourier series Number ( Fo )

\frac{T_{0}-T_{x}  }{T_{1}-T_{x}  } = C_{1} e^{(-0.4888^{2}*Fo )}

= 0.4167 = 1.0396e^{-0.4888*Fo}

therefore Fo =  3.8264

Now determine how long the plate should be left in the furnace

Fo = (\frac{k}{pc_{p} } ) ( \frac{t}{(L/2)^2} )

k = 48

p = 7830

L = 0.1

Input the values into the relation and make t subject of the formula

hence t = 858.25 s

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A well is located in a 20.1-m thick confined aquifer with a conductivity of 14.9 m/day and a storativity of 0.0051. If the well
ahrayia [7]

Answer:

S = 5.7209 M

Explanation:

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B = 20.1 m

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Note :

t = 1

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W(u) = -0.5772 - In(U)

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S = \frac{Q}{4\pi T} * W (u)

 where : Q = 2725.5

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S = 5.7209 M

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How would you describe what would happen to methane if the primary bonds were to break?
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Answer:

All the bonds in methane (CH4CH4) are equivalent, and all have the same dissociation energy.

The product of the dissociation is methyl radical (CH3CH3). All the bonds in methyl radical are equivalent, and all have the same dissociation energy.

The product of that dissociation is methylene (CH2CH2). All the bonds in methylene are equivalent, and all have the same dissociation energy.

The product of that dissociation is methyne (CHCH) .

The C-H bonds in methane do not have the same dissociation energy as C-H bonds in methyl radical, which in turn do not have the same dissociation energy as the C-H bonds in methylene, which are again different from the C-H bond in methyne.

If (by some miracle) you were able to get all four bonds in methane to dissociate absolutely simultaneously, they would all show the same dissociation energy… but that energy, per bond broken, would be different than the energy required to break just one C-H bond in methane, because the products are different.

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one of them will break preferentially.

which one actually breaks depends on the reaction conditions (kinetics). frankly it's whichever one ramdomly approaches a nucleophile first. when the nucleophile pulls of one of the H's, the other C-H bonds start to share (delocalize) the negative charge across the whole molecule. so while the middle C feels the majority of the negative charge character, the other two C's take on a fair amount as well...

by the way, alkanes don't really like to break and form anions like that.

a better example would be something like isopropyl iodide, where the C-I bond breaks and the I carries away the electron pair, forming a carbocation (also not particularly stable, but more so than the carbanion).

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Answer:

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3 years ago
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Ostrovityanka [42]

Answer:

Go, but only if the intersection is clear.

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