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EleoNora [17]
3 years ago
6

Different metabolic control systems have different characteristic time scales for a control response to be achieved. Match the t

ime scale with the control system.
a. Covalent modification
b. Allosteric control
c. Gene expression

1. Seconds to minutes
2. Milliseconds
3. Hours
Engineering
1 answer:
prisoha [69]3 years ago
5 0

Answer:

a. Covalent modification = Seconds to minutes

b. Allosteric control = Milliseconds

c. Gene expression = Hours

Explanation:

Covalent modifications refer to the addition and/or removal of chemical groups by the action of particular enzymes such as methylases, acetylases, phosphorylases, phosphatases, etc. For example, histones are chromatin-associated proteins covalently modified by enzymes that add methyl groups (histone methylation), acetyl groups (histone acetylation), phosphate groups (histone phosphorylation), etc. Moreover, allosteric control, also known as allosteric regulation, is a type of regulation of the enzyme activity by binding an effector molecule (allosteric modulator) at a different site than the enzyme's active site, thereby triggering a conformational change on the enzyme upon binding of an effector. Finally, gene expression encompasses the cellular processes by which genetic information flows from genes to proteins (i.e., transcription >> translation). In metabolic pathways, enzymes that are able to catalyze irreversible reactions represent sites of control (for example, during glycolysis, pyruvate kinase is an enzyme that catalyzes an irreversible reaction, thereby serving as a control site). In turn, enzymatic activity is modulated by covalent modifications or reversible binding of allosteric effectors. Finally, metabolic pathways are also modulated by gene regulatory mechanisms that control the transcription of specific enzymes required for such pathways. During these processes, the times required for allosteric regulation, covalent modification (e.g., phosphorylation) and transcriptional control can be counted in milliseconds, seconds, and hours, respectively.

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Calculate the rate at which body heat is conducted through the clothing of a skier in a steady- state process, given the followi
olga2289 [7]

Answer:

230.4W

Explanation:

Heat transfer by conduction consists of the transport of energy in the form of heat through solids, in this case a jacket.

the equation is as follows

Q=\frac{KA(T2-T1)}{L} \\

Where

Q=heat

k=conductivity=0.04

A=Area=1.8m^2

T2=33C

T1=1C

L=thickness=1cm=0.01mQ=\frac{(0.04)(1.8m^2)(33-1)}{0.01m}

Q=230.4W

the skier loses heat at the rate of 230.4W

4 0
3 years ago
A large plate is fabricated from a steel alloy that has a plane strain fracture toughness of 55 MPa √m (50 ksi √in.). If, during
astra-53 [7]

Answer:

0.024 m = 24.07 mm

Explanation:

1) Notation

\sigma_c = tensile stress = 200 Mpa

K = plane strain fracture toughness= 55 Mpa\sqrt{m}

\lambda= length of a surface crack (Variable of interest)

2) Definition and Formulas

The Tensile strength is the ability of a material to withstand a pulling force. It is customarily measured in units (F/A), like the pressure. Is an important concept in engineering, especially in the fields of materials and structural engineering.

By definition we have the following formula for the tensile stress:

\sigma_c=\frac{K}{Y\sqrt{\pi\lambda}}   (1)

We are interested on the minimum length of a surface that will lead to a fracture, so we need to solve for \lambda

Multiplying both sides of equation (1) by Y\sqrt{\pi\lambda}

\sigma_c Y\sqrt{\pi\lambda}=K   (2)

Sequaring both sides of equation (2):

(\sigma_c Y\sqrt{\pi\lambda})^2=(K)^2  

\sigma^2_c Y^2 \pi\lambda=K^2   (3)

Dividing both sides by \sigma^2_c Y^2 \pi we got:

\lambda=\frac{1}{\pi}[\frac{K}{Y\sigma_c}]^2   (4)

Replacing the values into equation (4) we got:

\lambda=\frac{1}{\pi}[\frac{55 Mpa\sqrt{m}}{1.0(200Mpa)}]^2 =0.02407m

3) Final solution

So the minimum length of a surface crack that will lead to fracture, would be 24.07 mm or more.

7 0
3 years ago
Which of the following is true about the n-way analysis of variance (ANOVA)?
Ne4ueva [31]

Answer:

It is a type of ANOVA that can analyze several independent variables at the same time.

Explanation:

This is the statement that correctly describes the n-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). ANOVA is a type of analysis of variance that can analyze several independent variables at the same time. In this type of analysis, a dependent variable is measured by different levels of independent variables. When the results are obtained, these are assumed to be the consequence of the different levels of the independent variables, plus random error. The computation necessary for this analysis can be done in most types of statistical software.

7 0
3 years ago
if two or more resistors are connected in parallel, the total resistance is _ than any single resistor
Andreas93 [3]
Parallel Resistor Equation
If the two resistances or impedances in parallel are equal and of the same value, then the total or equivalent resistance, RT is equal to half the value of one resistor. That is equal to R/2 and for three equal resistors in parallel, R/3, etc.
7 0
3 years ago
A cantilever timber beam with a span of L = 4.25 m supports a linearly distributed load with maximum intensity of w0 = 5.5 kN/m.
9966 [12]

Answer:

the minimum width is b= 0.1414m = 141mm

Explanation:

]given,

L= 4.25

w₀ = 5.5kN/m,

allowable bending stress = 7MPa

allowable shear stress = 875kPa

h/b = 0.67

b = ?

for a linearly distributed load, with maximum load intensity, w₀ of 5.5kN/m,

the maximum moment, M exerted by the timber is =  \frac{w₀ L²}{9√3}[/texM = w₀ L²}/{9√3 = 99.34/15.6 =6.367kNmfor a linearly distributed load, with maximum load intensity, w₀ of 5.5kN/m, the shear force, V =  [tex]\frac{w₀ L}{2}[/texV = {w₀ L}/{3} = 7.79kNfor maximum bending stress of a rectangular timber, B, = [tex]\frac{6M}{bh²}

given h/b = 0.67, i.e h=0.67b

allowable bending stress = \frac{6M}{bh²} = 7000kPa

7000  = (6*6.37)/ (b *(0.67b)² ) = 38.21/0.449b³

3080b³=38.21

b³ = 38.21/3080 = 0.0124

b = 0.232m

h=0.67b = 0.67* 0.232 = 0.155m

for allowable  shear stress = (3V)/(2bh)

875 = (3V)/(2bh) = (3x 7.79)/(2xbx0.67b)

875 = 23.375/1.34b²

1172.5 b²= 23.375

b² =0.0199

b= 0.1414m

h=0.67b = 0.67* 0.1414 = 0.095m

the minimum width is b= 0.1414m = 141mm

4 0
3 years ago
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