Answer:
The answer to the question: In terms of what is happening within a resting skeletal muscle cell, why are myosins not able to attach to the thin myofilaments, would be: because there is no presence of calcium ions to enable to fusion of the two.
Explanation:
When muscle cells, and a muscle in general, wish to perform one of their functions, which is movement, there are some factors that need to be present in order for this to work. One vital factor is the presence of calcium ions, because it is calcium which will enable the proper formation of the myosin-actin cross bridges for movement. Basically, calcium allows the removal of the protection on these filaments and makes them active, so that they will immediately seek the formation of the cross-bridges. To stop this from happening, calcium is re-absorbed by the sarcoendoplasmic reticulum.
Answer:
A. True. If the delivery of prospective lysosomal proteins
from the trans Golgi network to the late endosomes
were blocked, lysosomal proteins would be
secreted by the constitutive secretion pathway.
B. False. Lysosomes digest only substances that have been
taken up by cells by endocytosis.
C. False. N-linked sugar chains are found on glycoproteins
that face the cell surface, as well as on
glycoproteins that face the lumen of the ER, trans
Golgi network, and mitochondria.
Explanation:
A. Lysosomal proteins are carried through the indirect constitutive secretion pathway that transports lysosomal proteins from the TGN to plasma membrane and delivers to the late endosomes and the lysosomes.
B. Lysomes digest cellular components and materials by both endocytosis and autolysis.
- Autolysis is a self-destructive pathway by the action of enzymes in the lysosomes.
- Endocytosis is a receptor-mediated pathway and lysosomes digests substances that have been taken up or attached by specific receptors.
- Phagocytosis, an endocytosis pathway, involves ingestion of macromolecules, degraded cellular material, cellular debris, and decayed microbial cells
.
C. N-linked sugar chains are not present on the lumen of the mitochondria because mitochondria does not involve in vesicular transport.
N-linked glycosylation occurs by the action of the enzymes are present in the lumen of ER and golgi cisternae of the TGN and the sugars get attached to the glycoproteins on their lumen.
The U.S. Supreme Court has upheld the power of the federal government to seize and destroy "medical marijuana," i.e., marijuana being grown domestically for personal and medicinal use for seriously ill patients, as a valid exercise of the government's Commerce Clause authority under the U.S. Constitution. Gonzalez v. Raich. Under the federal Controlled Substances Act, marijuana is an illegal drug that may not be used for medical purposes under any circumstances. At least nine states, however, have enacted laws permitting the use of marijuana for medical purposes. For example, California's Compassionate Use Act of 1996 permits "seriously ill" state residents to obtain and use marijuana for medicinal purposes. 2 California residents who suffered from a variety of serious medical conditions used marijuana as a medication for several years pursuant to their doctors' recommendation. Both women relied heavily on marijuana to function on a daily basis; one of the women grew her own supply. In August 2002, federal agents came to her home and seized and destroyed all six of her cannabis plants. Both women subsequently sued to prohibit enforcement of the federal Controlled Substance Act to the extent that it prevented them from possessing, obtaining, or manufacturing cannabis for their personal medical use. They argued that the CSA's categorical prohibition of the manufacture and possession of marijuana as applied to the intrastate manufacture and possession of marijuana for medical purposes pursuant to California law exceeded Congress' authority under the Commerce Clause. The federal district court denied their motion for a preliminary injunction, finding that they were not likely to succeed on the merits of their legal claims. The U. S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit reversed that decision, holding that the women had "demonstrated a strong likelihood of success on their claims that, as applied to them, the CSA is an unconstitutional exercise of Congress' Commerce Clause authority." The Court of Appeals focused on what it deemed to be the "separate and distinct class of activities" at issue in this case: "the intrastate, noncommercial cultivation and possession of cannabis for personal medical purposes as recommended by a patient's physician pursuant to valid California state law." The court found these activities "different in kind from drug trafficking" because interposing a physician's recommendation raises different health and safety concerns, and because "this limited use is clearly distinct from the broader illicit drug market – as well as any broader commercial market for medicinal marijuana – insofar as the medicinal marijuana at issue in this case is not intended for, not does it enter, the stream of commerce." On June 6, 2005, the U. S. Supreme Court vacated the decision of the Ninth Circuit, stating that the issue was not whether it is wise to enforce the CSA in these circumstances. Rather, the Court framed the issues as a constitutional one: whether the congressional power to regulate interstate markets for medicinal substances encompasses the portions of those markets that are supplied with drugs produced and consumed locally. The Court held that Congress did have such power. Under the Commerce Clause, Congress has the power to regulate activities that "substantially affect" interstate commerce, including the power to regulate purely local activities that are part of an economic "class of activities" that have a substantial effect on interstate commerce. The Court reasoned that:
Given the enforcement difficulties that attend distinguishing between marijuana cultivated locally and marijuana grown elsewhere, . . . and concerns about diversion into illicit channels, we have no difficulty concluding that Congress had a rational basis for believing that failure to regulate the intrastate manufacture and possession of marijuana would leave a gaping hole in the CSA.
Thus, despite the "troubling facts" of this case, widely viewed as test of the federalism concepts which emphasize reserving regulatory power to the states, the Supreme Court held that the enforcement of the CSA against individuals who grow and use marijuana pursuant to state law is a valid exercise of federal power. The Court's decision does not overturn California's medical marijuana law, or any other state medical marijuana law. (Currently, nine states apparently permit the use of medical marijuana: Alaska, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Maine, Nevada, Oregon, Vermont and Washington. Two other states, Arizona and Montana, have authorized medical use of marijuana through voter initiatives).
Answer:
The correct answer is - Type 2 diabetes mellitus has major components: insulin resistance and impaired insulin secretion.
Explanation:
In type 2 diabetes there are two major components that play an important role to cause this that are Insulin resistance in which insulin could not bind with the specific receptors that result in less effective at stimulating glucose uptake.
The other major component is impaired insulin secretion in which an increased amount of insulin is required that there is not enough insulin to prevent the breakdown of fats and production of ketones.
you click first to start blood transfusion process In EMR:
- Complete pre-transfusion documentation.
- Open the blood administration flowchart by clicking on 'Action'
- Select the IV line you will use for the transfusion. 1. Scan the patient ID strip. 2. Scan the unit number.
- The green thumb and 'done' appear if all the details match.
<h3>What must be done before a patient can receive a blood transfusion?</h3>
Before each transfusion, it is necessary to collect a sample of your blood, to carry out tests that determine its compatibility with the blood that can be transfused. Depending on the component, sample collection may be waived. Every 72 hours the sample must be renewed.
With this information, we can conclude that During a blood transfusion, a healthcare professional will place a small needle into the vein, usually in the arm or hand. The blood then moves from a bag, through a rubber tube, and into the person's vein through the needle. They will carefully monitor vital signs throughout the procedure.
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