Hazardous coolants in refrigeration units where replaced;) hope it helped have a good day!
What context are you asking it in?
The answer could be the electromagnetic interaction if you're talking about the 4 fundamental interactions, or ionic interaction, or electrostatic interaction.
Answer:
Explanation:
a) The forward reaction is exothermic, hence when temperature is increased the equilibrium shift towards the reactants side to get rid of the excess energy. This will mean that more reactants are produced decreasing yield
b) There are a fewer number of moles of gas on the right side compared to the left side (Just count the coefficients before each compound) so a higher pressure will mean that the equilibrium will shift towards the products side in order to decrease the pressure. This will mean that more products are formed increasing yield
c) When something is powdered it's surface area to volume ratio increases. A higher surface area means that the particles around it have more area to work on so the frequency of collisions will increase increasing the rate of reaction. This is why iron is powdered.
The answer is D. To put it simply, all atom wished to become stable. The only way for that is to obtain an octet structure where the outermost shell would have 8 electrons, thus being full.
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