Although peer pressure can influence adolescents’ alcohol use, individual susceptibility to these pressures varies across individuals. The dopamine receptor D4 gene (DRD4<span>) is a potential candidate gene that may influence adolescents’ susceptibility to their peer environment due to the role dopamine plays in reward sensation during social interaction. We hypothesized that </span>DRD4<span> genotype status would moderate the impact of 7th-grade antisocial peer pressure on 12th-grade lifetime alcohol use (</span>n<span> = 414; 58.7 % female; 92.8 % White). The results revealed significant main effects for antisocial peer pressure, but no main effects for</span>DRD4<span> genotype on lifetime alcohol use. Adolescent </span>DRD4<span> genotype moderated the association between peer pressure and lifetime alcohol use. For individuals who carried at least one copy of the </span>DRD4<span> 7-repeat allele (7+), antisocial peer pressure was associated with increased lifetime alcohol use. These findings indicate that genetic sensitivity to peer pressure confers increased alcohol use in late adolescence.</span>
They recommend a living will, through which a person decides which medical interventions would be desired or a durable power of attorney for healthcare, which appoints a specific person to act as their agent for medical decisions in the event the patient is unable to make such decisions.
I believe the answer is B. to help former addicts learn to live without drugs.
Hope this helped!
<em>-Oliver</em>
One way parents and guardians can influence technology use is to model
proper use for their children. What outcome would you expect if this
guideline was followed?
c. Adults would not use their phones when they are behind the wheel.
