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- 0.05 L needs to be added to the original 0.12 L solution in order to dilute it from 0.13 M to 0.23 M.
The dilution problem uses the equation :

The initial molarity (concentration)
0.13 M
The initial volume
= 0.12 L
The desired molarity (concentration)
= 0.23 M
The volume of the desired solution
= ( 0.12 + x L )
Substituting values in above equation;
(0.13 M ) (0.12 L) = (0.23 M ) (0.12 L + x L)
0.0156 M L = 0.0276 M L + 0.23 x M L
- 0.012 M L = 0.23 x M L
x = - 0.05
Therefore, - 0.05 L needs to be added to the original 0.12 L solution in order to dilute it from 0.13 M to 0.23 M.
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Answer: Option B) Base
Explanation:
According to Bronsted-Lowry theory, an acid is a substance that donates a proton and produces a conjugate base while a base is a molecule or ion which accepts the proton and produces a conjugate acid.
Thus, water H2O acts as a example of Bronsted-Lowry base while hydrochloric acid, HCl acts as an acid respectively as shown in the reaction below
HCl(aq) + H2O(aq) -> H3O+(aq) + Cl-(aq)
H2O acts as an base by accepting a proton donated by HCl, thus producing hydroxonium ion, H3O+ as a conjugate acid.
Thus, in the given reaction, H2O acts as a base