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ArbitrLikvidat [17]
3 years ago
13

An unknown compound melting at 131 - 133 C. It is thought to be one of the following compounds: trans-cinnamic acid (133-134); b

enzamide (128-130); DL-malic acid (131 - 133); or benzoin (135-137). The mixture of melting points of the unknown compound with each of the test compounds listed below. What is the unknown compound? trans-cinnamic acid MP: 110-120 Benzamide MP:130-132 Dl-malic acid MP: 114-124 Benzoin 108-116
Chemistry
1 answer:
Vesnalui [34]3 years ago
5 0

Answer:

benzamide

Explanation:

Compound            melting Point ,ºC          Melting Pont Mixture, ºC

       X                          131 - 133

trans-cinnamic            133 - 134                      110 - 120

acid

benzamide                 128 - 130                       130-132

malic acid                   131   -133                        114 -124

Benzoin                      135 - 137                        108 - 116

The compound X is benzamide since the melting point range is the one closest to this compound (  130-132 ºC)

The reason there is not an exact match is not due due to the presence of impurities. The presence of impurities always lower the melting point ( it is a coligative property such as the melting point depresion of salt and water )

The reason for the deviation must be  be some other factors such as preparation of the sample in the capillary, errors in reading the thermometer, rate of heating, etc.

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Answer:

\boxed {\boxed {\sf 0.80 \ mol\ F}}

Explanation:

We are asked to find how many moles are in 4.8 × 10²³ fluorine atoms. We convert atoms to moles using Avogadro's Number or 6.022 × 10²³. This is the number of particles (atoms, molecules, formula units, etc.) in 1 mole of a substance. In this case, the particles are atoms of fluorine.

We will convert using dimensional analysis and set up a ratio using Avogadro's Number.

\frac {6.022 \times 10^{23} \ atoms \ F}{ 1 \ mol \ F}

We are converting 4.8 × 10²³ fluorine atoms to moles, so we multiply the ratio by this number.

4.8 \times 10^{23} \ atoms \ F *\frac {6.022 \times 10^{23} \ atoms \ F}{ 1 \ mol \ F}

Flip the ratio so the units of atoms of fluorine cancel each other out.

4.8 \times 10^{23} \ atoms \ F *\frac { 1 \ mol \ F}{6.022 \times 10^{23} \ atoms \ F}

4.8 \times 10^{23}  *\frac { 1 \ mol \ F}{6.022 \times 10^{23} }

Condense into 1 fraction.

\frac { 4.8 \times 10^{23} }{6.022 \times 10^{23} } \ mol \ F

Divide.

0.7970773829 \ mol \ F

The original measurement of atoms has 2 significant figures, so our answer must have the same. For the number we found, that is the hundredths place. The 7 in the thousandths tells us to round the 9 in the hundredths place up to a 0. Then, we also have to round the 7 in the tenths place up to an 8.

0.80 \ mol \ F

4.8 × 10²³ fluorine atoms are equal to <u>0.80 moles of fluorine.</u>

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