Answer:
Three proteins directly contribute to the proton gradient by moving protons across the membrane
Explanation:
The Electron transport chain is a group of proteins and molecules incrusted in the internal mitochondrial membrane and organized into four complexes, I, II, III, and IV. These complexes contain the electron transporters and the enzymes necessary to catalyze the electron transference from one complex to the other. Complex I contains the flavine mononucleotide -FMN- that receives electrons from the NADH. The coenzyme Q, located in the lipidic interior of the membrane, conducts electrons from complex I and II to complex III. The complex III contains cytochrome b, from where electrons go to cytochrome c, which is a peripheric membrane protein. Electrons travel from cytochrome c to cytochromes a and a3, located in the complex IV. Finally, they go back to the matrix, where they combine to H+ ions and oxygen, to form the water molecule. As electrons are transported through the chain, protons are bombed through three proteinic complexes from the matrix to the intermembrane space. These are complexes I, III and IV.
Answer:
First, the options:
A. Midazolam
B. Ketamine
C. Nitrous Oxide
D. Bupivacaine
The ANSWER is A.
A. Midazolam
Explanation:
A. Midazolam✔
Midazolam is mainly used for amnesia or sedation in many diagnostic, therapeutic, and endoscopic activities or procedures.
B. Ketamine ❌
It has higher risk of side effects.
C. Nitrous oxide ❌
It won't be preferable for this case, since it can not be breathed in during a bronchoscopy.
D. Bupivacaine❌
This is solely for local anesthesia.
Here is what I found, its quite interesting, I hope it helps..
https://www.fbi.gov/services/laboratory/biometric-analysis/codis/codis-and-ndis-fact-sheet
I'm pretty sure:
a) pepsin optimal pH: 3 and lipase optimal pH:8
b) No, because the stomach needs to be acidic and have an acidic pH but lipase is considered alkaline because its optimal pH is between 8-14 meaning it's an alkaline.
Not sure if this is any help but I hope it helped a little bit! :)
Answer:
B) neurons have stable, relatively unchanging internal environments.
Explanation:
Rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) is studded with ribosomes which in turn serve as the site for protein synthesis. A cell with an extensive network of rough endoplasmic reticulum has higher rates of protein synthesis. Mitochondria are the powerhouse of cells and serve as the site for aerobic cellular respiration. A large number of ATP molecules are produced in mitochondria. Therefore, a cell with relatively many mitochondria appears to have a higher demand for ATP and higher consumption of oxygen.
A cell with higher rates of consumption of ATP and protein synthesis should be functionally active. The charge across the membrane and the internal concentration of ions such as Na+, K+ of a neuron keep on changing during the conduction of nerve impulse. Therefore, the presence of many mitochondria and RER does not indicate that the neurons maintain relatively constant internal conditions.
