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Ainat [17]
3 years ago
6

What is needed to estimate species relatedness with a molecular clock?

Biology
1 answer:
Dvinal [7]3 years ago
5 0


Out of the following given choices;

A. DNA accumulates mutations at a regular rate

B. known mutation rate for a gene

C. the number of differences in DNA sequences for a gene in two species

D. the same gene identified in two species

E. All answers are corrects

 

The answer is E. The molecular clock used rates of mutation to determine the prehistoric time when two species that share a common ancestor diverged. The benchmarks for determining the mutation rate are often fossil or archaeological dates.






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3 years ago
The population in South Africa is more prone to sickle cell anemia (genotype "ss"). People with genotype "ss" survive only up to
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<span>Sickle-cell anemia is a recessive disorder caused by the presence of two recessive alleles "s", so genotype is "ss". This disorder is characterized by sickle hemoglobin. In an area with malaria, heterozygous individuals "Ss" (with one dominant allele and one recessive allele) have an advantage. These individuals will have both normal and sickle hemoglobin. But pathogen that causes malaria affect only normal hemoglobin, so heterozygous individuals will have half of the hemoglobin resistant to the pathogen and those individuals are resistant to malaria.</span>

Stabilizing selection favors heterozygotes Ss,  disruptive selection favors dominant (SS) and recessive (ss) homozygotes, while directional selection favors dominant (SS) or recessive (ss) homozygote. Since in this example, people with genotype Ss (heterozygotes) are in advantage, then this is an example of stabilizing selection.

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A scientist developed a classification of organisms that fly. he knows that birds fly. what information can the scientist divine
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