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natima [27]
3 years ago
5

How many dozens of copper atoms are in a penny.?

Chemistry
2 answers:
77julia77 [94]3 years ago
7 0

\boxed{2.5 \times {{10}^{21}}{\text{ dozen}}} ofcopper atoms are present in a penny.

Further Explanation:

Atom is the smallest particle and is building block of matter. It comprises of a central part called atomic nucleus that is surrounded by electrons revolving in circular orbits. Atomic nucleus consists of protons and electrons while electronsare present around it. Electrons are negatively charged particles, protons are positively charged particles and neutrons have no charge.

To calculate:

Number of copper atoms in 1 penny

One penny of pure copper consists of 3.0 \times {10^{22}}{\text{ atoms}} of copper. A dozen is one of the units of measurement. 12 quantities of anything make up one dozen. So one dozen is equivalent to 12 quantities. Such quantities can be atoms, molecules, ions, formula units and many other things as are required according to the problem to be solved.

Since 12 atoms are present in one dozen, number of dozen in 3.0 \times {10^{22}}{\text{ atoms}}  of copper can be calculated as follows:

\begin{aligned}{\text{Number of dozen}} &= \left( {3.0 \times {{10}^{22}}{\text{ atoms}}} \right)\left( {\frac{{1{\text{ dozen}}}}{{12{\text{ atoms}}}}} \right) \\&= 2.5 \times {10^{21}}{\text{ dozen}} \\\end{aligned}  

Learn more:

  1. How many moles of Cl are present in 8 moles of {\text{CC}}{{\text{l}}_4}? brainly.com/question/3064603
  2. Calculate the moles of ions in HCl solution: brainly.com/question/5950133

Answer details:

Grade: Senior School

Subject: Chemistry

Chapter: Mole concept

Keywords: penny, copper atoms, 3.0*10^22 atoms, dozen, 12 quantities, number of copper atoms, pure copper, atoms, ions, molecules, protons, electrons, neutrons, negatively charged, positively charged, no charge.

NikAS [45]3 years ago
3 0

There is 2.5 .10²¹ dozen  of copper atoms are in a penny

<h3>Further explanation </h3>

Stochiometry in Chemistry learns about chemical reactions mainly emphasizing quantitative, such as calculation of volume, mass, number, which is related to the number of ions, molecules, elements etc.

In chemical calculations, the reaction can be determined, the number of substances that can be expressed in units of mass, volume, mole, or determine a chemical formula, for example the substance level or molecular formula of hydrate.

A mole is a unit of many particles (atoms, molecules, ions) where 1 mole is the number of particles contained in a substance that is the same amount as many atoms in 12 gr C-12

1 mole = 6.02.10²³ particles

While the number of moles can also be obtained by dividing the mass (in grams) with

While the number of moles can also be obtained by dividing the mass (in grams) with

\large{\boxed{\bold{mole\:=\:\frac{grams}{ the\:relative\:mass\:of\:elements\:or\:the relative\:mass\:of\:molecules} }}}

The complete question must be :

A pure copper penny contains approximately 3.0. 10²² copper atoms.

1 doz = 12

1 gross = 144

1 ream = 500

1 mol = 6.022 . 10²³

Use these definitions to determine the following:

How many dozens of copper atoms are in a penny.

Because there is 12 atoms for 1 dozen then , in a penny

3.0. 10²² : 12 atoms = 2.5 .10²¹ dozen

<h3>Learn more </h3>

Avogadro's number

brainly.com/question/859564

carbon atoms in 1.50 g of butane

brainly.com/question/5122019

a mole and Avogadro’s number

brainly.com/question/1445383

Keywords: mole, Avogadro’s number, a penny, copper, atoms

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a) ΔHºrxn = 116.3 kJ, ΔGºrxn = 82.8 kJ,  ΔSºrxn =  0.113 kJ/K

b) At 753.55 ºC or higher

c )ΔG =  1.8 x 10⁴ J

    K = 8.2 x 10⁻²

Explanation:

a)                                 C6H5−CH2CH3  ⇒  C6H5−CH=CH2  + H₂

ΔHf kJ/mol                    -12.5                           103.8                      0

ΔGºf kJ/K                        119.7                         202.5                      0

Sº J/mol                          255                          238                      130.6*

Note: This value was not given in our question, but is necessary and can be found in standard handbooks.

Using Hess law to calculate  ΔHºrxn we have

ΔHºrxn  = ΔHfº C6H5−CH=CH2 +  ΔHfº H₂ - ΔHºfC6H5−CH2CH3

ΔHºrxn =     103.8 kJ + 0 kJ  - (-12.5 kJ)

ΔHºrxn = 116.3 kJ

Similarly,

ΔGrxn = ΔGºf C6H5−CH=CH2 +  ΔGºfH₂ - ΔGºfC6H5CH2CH3

ΔGºrxn=   202.5 kJ + 0 kJ - 119.7 kJ  = 82.8 kJ

ΔSºrxn = 238 J/mol + 130.6 J/mol -255 J/K = 113.6 J/K = 0.113 kJ/K

b) The temperature at which the reaction is spontaneous or feasible occurs when ΔG becomes negative and using

ΔGrxn =  ΔHrxn -TΔS

we see that will happen when the term  TΔS  becomes greater than ΔHrxn since ΔS  is positive  , and so to sollve for T we will make ΔGrxn equal to zero and solve for T. Notice here we will make the assumption that  ΔºHrxn and ΔSºrxn remain constant at the higher temperature  and will equal the values previously calculated for them. Although this assumption is not entirely correct, it can be used.

0 = 116 kJ -T (0.113 kJ/K)

T = 1026.5 K  =  (1026.55 - 273 ) ºC = 753.55 ºC

c) Again we will use

                       ΔGrxn =  ΔHrxn -TΔS

to calculate ΔGrxn   with the assumption that ΔHº and ΔSºremain constant.

ΔG =  116.3 kJ - (600+273 K) x 0.113 kJ/K =  116.3 kJ - 873 K x 0.113 kJ/K

ΔG =  116.3 kJ - 98.6 kJ =  17.65 kJ = 1.8 x 10⁴ J ( Note the kJ are converted to J to necessary for the next part of the problem )

Now for solving for K, the equation to use is

ΔG = -RTlnK and solve for K

- ΔG / RT = lnK  ∴ K = exp (- ΔG / RT)

K = exp ( - 1.8 x 10⁴ J /( 8.314 J/K  x 873 K)) = 8.2 x 10⁻²

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