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kipiarov [429]
3 years ago
14

Consider 0.01 m aqueous solutions of each of the following. a) NaI; b) CaCl2; c) K3PO4; and d) C6H12O6 (glucose) Arrange the sol

utions in order of freezing point from lowest to highest. Assume that each compound behaves ideally.
Chemistry
1 answer:
stealth61 [152]3 years ago
7 0

Answer:

The solutions are ordered by this way (from lowest to highest freezing point):  K₃PO₄ < CaCl₂ < NaI < glucose

Option d, b, a and c

Explanation:

Colligative property: Freezing point depression

The formula is: ΔT = Kf . m . i

ΔT = Freezing T° of pure solvent - Freezing T° of solution

We need to determine the i, which is the numbers of ions dissolved. It is also called the Van't Hoff factor.

Option d, which is glucose is non electrolyte so the i = 1

a. NaI →  Na⁺  +  I⁻        i =2

b. CaCl₂ →  Ca²⁺  +  2Cl⁻      i =3

c. K₃PO₄ → 3K⁺ + PO₄⁻³     i=4

Potassium phosphate will have the lowest freezing point, then we have the calcium chloride, the sodium iodide and at the end, glucose.

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Upon combustion, a 0.8009 g sample of a compound containing only carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen produces 1.6004 g CO2 and 0.6551 g
Ede4ka [16]

Answer:

C2H4O

Explanation:

We can get the answer through calculations as follows.

From the mass of carbon iv oxide produced, we can get the number of moles of carbon produced. We first divide the mass by the molar mass of carbon iv oxide. The molar mass of carbon iv oxide is 44g/mol

The number of moles of carbon iv oxide is 1.6004/44 = 0.0364

Since there is only one carbon atom in CO2, the number of moles of carbon is same as above

The mass of carbon in the compound is simply the number of moles multiplied by the atomic mass unit. The atomic mass unit of carbon is 12. The mass of carbon in the compound is thus 12 * 0.0364= 0.4368g

From the number of moles of water, we can get the number of moles of hydrogen. To get the number of moles of water, we need to divide the mass of water by its molar mass. Its molar mass is 18g/mol. The number of moles here is thus 0.6551/18 = 0.0364 mole

But there are 2 atoms of hydrogen in 1 mole of water and thus, the number of moles of hydrogen is 2 * 0.0364= 0.0728

The mass of hydrogen is thus 0.0728* 1 = 0.0728g

The mass of oxygen equals the mass of the compound minus that of hydrogen and that of carbon.

= 0.8009 - 0.0728 - 0.4368 = 0.2913 mole

The number of moles of oxygen is the mass of oxygen divided by its atomic mass unit.

That equals 0.2913/16 = 0.0182 mole

The empirical formula can be obtained by dividing the number of moles of each by the smallest which is that of carbon and oxygen 0.0182

H = 0.0728/0.0182 = 4

C= 0.0364/0.0182 = 2

O= 0.0182/0.0182= 1

The empirical formula is thus C2H4O

3 0
3 years ago
What can be said about a reaction with H = 62.4 kJ/mol and S = 0.145 kJ/(mol·K)?
Zigmanuir [339]
Answer:

At 430.34 K the reaction will be at equilibrium, at  T > 430.34 the reaction will be spontaneous, and at T < 430.4K the reaction will not occur spontaneously.

Explanation:

1) Variables:

G = Gibbs energy
H = enthalpy
S = entropy

2) Formula (definition)

G = H + TS

=> ΔG = ΔH - TΔS

3) conditions

ΔG < 0 => spontaneous reaction
ΔG = 0 => equilibrium
ΔG > 0 non espontaneous reaction

4) Assuming the data given correspond to ΔH and ΔS

ΔG = ΔH - T ΔS = 62.4 kJ/mol + T 0.145 kJ / mol * K

=>  T = [ΔH - ΔG] / ΔS

ΔG = 0 =>  T = [ 62.4 kJ/mol - 0 ] / 0.145 kJ/mol*K = 430.34K

This is, at 430.34 K the reaction will be at equilibrium, at  T > 430.34 the reaction will be spontaneous, and at T < 430.4K the reaction will not occur spontaneously.

3 0
3 years ago
Read 2 more answers
Hydrochloric acid reacts faster with powdered zinc than with an equal mass of zinc strips because the greater the surface area o
inysia [295]

Answer:

increases the frequency of particle collisions

Explanation:

One factor upon which the rate of reaction depends is the surface area of reactants.

According to the collision theory, reactions occur when reactant particles having the required (activation) energy collide with each other, this collision is inelastic. However, collision of particles having energies less than the activation energy results in elastic collisions and no chemical reaction.

The more the exposed surface area of reactants, the greater the number of particles that come into contact with each other and the more the chances of frequent effective collisions that lead to reaction.

Thus, powdered zinc reacts faster with hydrochloric acid than zinc strips

7 0
3 years ago
What is the temperature -71 oC expressed in Kelvin?<br> Group of answer choices
satela [25.4K]

Answer: 202.15

Explanation:

-71°C + 273.15

= 202.15K

5 0
3 years ago
Calculate the equilibrium constant of the reaction below if the pressures are 1.0atm, 2.0 atm, and 1.0 atm respectively. PCl3 +
Makovka662 [10]

Answer:

K = 0.5

Explanation:

Based on the reaction:

PCl₃ + Cl₂ ⇄ PCl₅

The equilibrium constant, K, is defined as:

K = P PCl₅ / P PCl₃ * P Cl₂

<em>Where P represent the pressure at the equilibrium for each one of the gases involved in the equilibrium.</em>

<em />

As:

P PCl₅ = 1.0atm

P PCl₃ = 1.0atm

P Cl₂ = 2.0atm

K = 1.0atm / 1.0atm * 2.0atm

<h3>K = 0.5</h3>
7 0
2 years ago
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