Question

Solid lithium hydroxide is used to "scrub" CO2 from the air inspacecraft and submarines; it reacts with the CO2 to produce lithium carbonate and water. What volume in liters of CO2 at 20°C and 753 torr can be removed by reaction with 440 g of lithium hydroxide?

Answer 1

Answer:

223 L

Explanation:

Step 1: Write the balanced equation.

2 LiOH + CO₂ = Li₂CO₃ + H₂O

Step 2: Calculate the moles corresponding to 440 g of LiOH

The molar mass of LiOH is 23.95 g/mol.

440 g × (1 mol/23.95 g) = 18.4 mol

Step 3: Calculate the moles of CO₂ that react with 18.4 moles of LiOH

The molar ratio of LiOH to CO₂ is 2:1. The reacting moles of CO₂ are 1/2 × 18.4 mol = 9.20 mol.

Step 4: Convert 20°C to Kelvin

K = °C + 273.15 = 20 + 273.15 = 293 K

Step 5: Convert 753 torr to atm

753 torr × (1 atm/760 torr) = 0.991 atm

Step 6: Calculate the volume of CO₂

We will use the ideal gas equation.

P × V = n × R × T

V = n × R × T / P

V = 9.20 mol × (0.0821 atm.L/mol.K) × 293 K / 0.991 atm

V = 223 L