<span>The first large silver coins were minted in 1690 after the Polish coin isolette or zolota which was imported in large quantities by Dutch merchants during the seventeenth century. These coins were about one third smaller than the Dutch thalers.[1]</span> Their weight was fixed in standard dirhams (3,20 grams) and they contained 60 percent silver and 40 percent copper. The largest of these weighed 6 dirhams, or approximately 19.2 grams. Later, in 1703, an even larger coin weighing approximately 8 dirhams, or 25-26 grams and its fractions were also minted. <span>It appears that the first large coin of 1690 was intended as a zolota or cedid (new) zolota to distinguish it from the popular Polish coin and not as a gurush or piaster.[2]</span> Only after larger silver coins began to be minted in the early decades of the eighteenth century, was the new monetary scale clearly established. The new Ottoman gurush was then fixed at 120 akches or 40 paras. The early gurushes weighed six and a quarter dirhams (20.0 grams) and contained close to 60 percent silver. The zolotas were valued at three fourths of the gurush or at 90 akches. <span>The fractions of both the gurush and zolota were then minted accordingly.[3]</span> Due to wars and continuing political turmoil, however, many coins were minted with sub-standard silver content until the monetary reform of 1715-16. The appearance of sub-standard coinage attracted large numbers of counterfeiters until the 1720s.
Research informs us infants and toddlers learn best in environments where they can have secure relationships with caring and responsive grown-ups, where they feel secure, and where they feel free to research and learn.
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What is responsive environment for children?</h3>
Responsive learning environments are welcoming and engaging. They are tailored to the individual needs and interests of all children. Learning environments include classrooms, play spaces, and outdoor areas. They also include other areas visited by a child during their daily life.
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What is responsive care for infants and toddlers?</h3>
Responsive care begins with the capability to recognize, read, and interpret cues from infants, toddlers, and twos. It is care that responds simply to a child's own needs and signals and helps the child build tolerance for inspiration and new experiences slowly.
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Benin, Burkina Faso, Cape Verde, Côte D'Ivoire, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Liberia, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Nigeria, Saint Helena, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Togo .
Answer: The First Amendment.
The First Amendment to the United States Constitution prohibits Congress from making any law regarding the establishment of a religion, prohibiting the free exercise of religion or abridging the freedom of speech, press, peaceful assembly or to petition for a governmental redress of grievances. It is one of the ten amendments that constitute the Bill of Rights.
