The element group which is least likely to form ions is 4A group
<u><em>explanation</em></u>
Element of group 4A has 4 valence electrons. for example Carbon which has [He] 2S2 2P2 electron configuration has 4 valence electrons.
Since 4A elements has 4 valence electrons , it means that their valence shell is half filled which is relatively stable. <em>For this reason 4A element readily form ions.</em>
Elements in the same column of the periodic table exhibit similar properties (periodicity). Carbon, in Group XIV (14), and elements below it in the same column react in similar fashion. The most similar element to carbon is silicon (Si).
Answer:
The final volume 
Explanation:
between work ( w), pressure ( P ) and volume ( V ) is the following:
w=−PΔV
where,
ΔV=V2−V1
It was stated that the gas is expanding, then the work is done by the system and it is of a negative value .
Note that work, should be expressed in 1L⋅atm=101.3J
CHECK THE ATTACHMENT FOR DETAILED EXPLATION
What effect does removing predators have on prey?
:It means that as they are removed the predators go hungry and they could become extinct.
Hope I helped!
