Why does a group of warmer atoms take up more volume than a group of cooler atoms ?

2 answers:

const2013 [10]3 years ago

7 0

Warmer atoms expand. There is also more movement. This is also explained when putting it into terms with solid vs. gas. in a solid, the atoms vibrate, but they can't move very far because there is not a lot of space between them. In a gas, on the other hand, the atoms are spread apart, and they move very fast. Putting it into context with water, the steam (gas) version is hot, and the ice cube (solid) version is cold.

FromTheMoon [43]3 years ago

6 0

Warmer atoms expand. You can think of it like a warm summer day you don't want to be next to your friends because it's hot out. On a cold day you try to stay closer to your friends because you produce body heat and keep each other War

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What observations can you make about this group of people? Name one inference you can make from your observations.

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Calculate the number of moles of carbon dioxide formed when 40.0 moles of oxygen is consumed in the burning of propane. Note the

joja [24]

The first step is to balance the equation:

C3H8 + 5O2 ---> 3CO2 + 4H2O

Check the balance

element left side right side

C 3 3
H 8 4*2 = 8
O 5*2=10 3*2 + 4 = 10

Then you have the molar ratios:

3 mol C3H8 : 5 mol O2 : 3 mol CO2 : 4 mol H2O

Now you have 40 moles of O2 so you make the proportion:

40.0 mol O2 * [3 mol CO2 / 5 mol O2] = 24.0 mol CO2.

Answer: option D. 24.0 mol CO2

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3 years ago

If the cylindrical pistons are 25.000 cm in diameter at 20.0 ∘c, what should be the minimum diameter of the cylinders at that te

attashe74 [19]

Refer to the diagram shown below.

The piston supports the same load W at both temperatures.
The ideal gas law is
$pV=nRT$
where
p = pressure
V = volume
n = moles
T = temperature
R = gas constant

State 1:
T₁ = 20 C = 20+273 = 293 K
d₁ = 25 cm piston diameter

State 2:
T₂ = 150 C = 423 K
d₂ = piston diameter

Because V, n, and R remain the same between the two temperatures, therefore
$\frac{p_{1}}{T_{1}} = \frac{p_{2}}{T_{2}}$

If the supported load is W kg, then
$p_{1} = \frac{W \, N}{ \frac{\pi}{4} d_{1}^{2}} = \frac{4W \, N}{\pi (0.25 \, m)^{2}} = 20.3718W \, Pa$
Similarly,
$p_{2} = \frac{4W}{\pi d_{2}^{2}} \, Pa$

$\frac{p_{1}}{p_{2}} = \frac{20.3718 \pi d_{2}^{2}}{4} = 16 d_{2}^{2}$

Because p₁/p₂ = T₁/T₂, therefore
$16d_{2}^{2} = \frac{293}{423} \\\\ d_{2}^{2} = \frac{0.6927}{16} \\\\ d_{2} = 0.2081 \, m$

The minimum piston diameter at 150 C is 20.8 cm.

Answer: 20.8 cm diameter

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3 years ago

An exothermic reaction is conducted in an insulated calorimeter filled with water. The calorimeter is then sealed so that there

Vaselesa [24]

Answer: option C. the total energy inside the calorimeter will decrease.


Justification:

The answer is a direct application of the first law of thermodynamic (the law of conservation of energy).

By telling that the the calorimeter is sealed so that there is no heat exchanged between the contents of the container and the surrounding air, the first law of thermodynamics implies that the total energy inside the calorimeter will not change.


That statement, without adding any more is enough justification.


Regarding, the other statements, you can show they are true:

A. the thermometer will show an increase in temperature.


Since the reaction is exothermic, the heat released will increase the temperature inside the sealed calorimeter,which, of course, is shown by the termometer.



B. The potential energy of the products will be lower than that of the reactants.


In any exothermic reaction, the potential energy of the products is lower than that of the reactants, because the heat released is lost by the reactants when they react and transform into the products.


D. The water increases in temperature as the reaction gives off heat.

Sure. The heat cannot leave the sealed calorimeter, but the water inside the calorimeter will absorb that heat: the molecules of water will gain kinetic energy and so its temperature will be increase.

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3 years ago