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netineya [11]
3 years ago
11

When 2-methyl-2,5-pentanediol is treated with sulfuric acid, dehydration occurs and 2,2-dimethyltetrahydrofuran is formed. Sugge

st a mechanism for this reaction. Which of the two oxygen atoms is most likely to be eliminated, and why?

Chemistry
1 answer:
Romashka [77]3 years ago
5 0

Answer:The oxygen present at the tertiary carbon would be eliminated.The suggested mechanism of the reaction can be found in attachment

Explanation:

The Oxygen atom at the tertiary carbon atom would be eliminated because the removal of this oxygen in form of water after the protonation by sulphuric acid would lead to the formation of a stable tertiary carbocation which is vary stable.

The tertiary carbocation is  stable on account of inductive effect of the methy groups.

The oxygen atom at the primary carbon would not be eliminated as its elimination would result in a primary carbocation which is unstable in nature,.

The mechanism of the overall reaction is following:

1. In the first step the OH group present at the tertiary carbocation is protonated  by sulphuric acid and on account of this protonation the OH group turns into a good leaving group and leaves as (water) H₂O.

2. Once the H₂O molecule is eliminated it leads to the formation of a stable tertiary carbocation.

3. The tertiary carbocation so formed is electrophilic in nature and as there is one more OH group present at the primary carbon which is 3 carbons away . The OH group is weakly nucleophilic in nature and can appreciably attack the carbocation . The attack of OH at the carbocation leads to the formation of a 5-membered ring containing oxygen as heteroatom.

4.The 5-membered ring so formed has Oxygen as hetero atom which is protonated so the protonated oxygen atom is deprotonated using H₂O.

This further leads to the product formation.

Kindly refer the attachment for the complete reaction mechanism:

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Density is the ratio of a sample's mass to its volume. A bar of lead has a mass of 115.2 g. When it is submerged in 25.0 mL of w
Margarita [4]

Answer:

$10.97 \ g/cm^3$

Explanation:

Given :

Mass of a bar of lead = 115.2 g

Initial water level $\text{in the graduated cylinder}$ = 25 mL

Final water level $\text{in the graduated cylinder}$ = 35.5 mL

Difference in the water level = 35.5 - 25

                                               = 10.5 mL

                                               = 10.5 \ cm^3

We know that when a body is submerged in water, it displaces its own volume of water.

Therefore, the volume of the lead bar = volume of the water displaced = 10.5 mL  = 10.5 \ cm^3

We know that mathematically, density is the ratio of mass of body to its volume.

Density of the lead bar is given by :

$\rho =\frac{\text{mass}}{\text{volume}}$

$\rho =\frac{\text{115.2 g}}{\text{10.5 cm}^3}$

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3 0
3 years ago
Calculate the number of atoms in 5 moles H₂O.
oksano4ka [1.4K]

Answer:

90.35 × 10²³ atoms

Solution:

1 molecules of H20 contains 3 atoms,.

And we know that one mole of any molecule contains 6.023 × 10²³ atoms from Avogadro's number,

hence 5 moles of H20 will contain = 5× 6.023 × 10²³ × 3 atoms = 90.35 × 10²³ atoms!

<em><u>Thanks for joining brainly community!</u></em>

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