There are a lot of things about this whole statement that bother me,
but I'm pretty sure you're not interested in those. You just want a word
to glue onto the end and complete the statement. OK. Use "inertia".
Answer:
a. The primary turns is 60 turns
b. The secondary voltage will be 360 volts.
Explanation:
Given data
secondary turns N2= 40 turns
primary turns N1= ?
primary voltage V1= 120 volts
secondary voltage V2= 8 volts
Applying the transformer formula which is

we can solve for N1 by substituting into the equation above

the primary turns is 60 turns
If the primary voltage is V1 240 volts hence the secondary voltage V2 will be (to get the voltage of the secondary coil using emf substitute the values of the previously gotten N1 and N2 using V1 as 240 volts)

the secondary voltage will be 360 volts.
Answer would be: alternating.There is no electrical connection between the two coils. These only work if alternating current is supplied to the main coil. If DC was supplied, there would be no flow of current in the minor coil.
Answer: 9.375m/s
Explanation: This is an inelastic collision, so the formula is mv1+mv2=(m1+m2)v-final. My work is a follows:
2500kg(12m/s) + 700kg(0m/s)=(2500kg+700kg)(v-final)
30,000kg(m/s)+0=3200kg(v-final)
30,000kg(m/s)/3200kg=9.375m/s