D except for the transition metals copper iron tantalum etc they have different oxidation states so arent fixed shells but all main group elements are grouped by the valence electrons sodium potassium lithium alkali column 1 valence electron highly reactive.
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The apparent topography exhibited by minerals in thin section as a consequence of refractive index.
Anions are solvated in protic hydrogen-bonding solvents (such as ethanol). Consequently, nucleophiles are less reactive. Since soft nucleophiles are less strongly solvated than hard nucleophiles, these solvents boost the relative reactivity of soft anions.
<h3>
Ethanol is either a nucleophile or a base.</h3>
The ethanol is a base Because carbocation is an extremely reactive species, a base or nucleophile as weak as ethanol can replace or remove it. SN1 and E1 would not be conceivable without the carbocation or a strong departing group.
<h3>How do solvents impact anionic nucleophile's reactivity?</h3>
In polar aprotic solvents, nucleophilic substitution reactions of anionic nucleophiles often proceed more quickly. The normal relative reactivity order in such solvents (like DMSO)is Anions are solvated in protic hydrogen-bonding solvents (such as ethanol). Consequently, nucleophiles are less reactive.
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Answer:
the protein capsid of naked viruses is less susceptible to environmental . condition
Explanation:
because the envelop is made in part of phospholipids. once the envelop is lysed ,the virus loses its functiovnal receptors and still able to infect susceptible cells.
