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3 years ago

Describe an electron cloud. Then, name and explain a particular atomic model that used the concept of the electron cloud.

Chemistry

1 answer:

pochemuha3 years ago

3 0

Electron cloud is the region around the nucleus in an atom where we can locate an electron.

The concept of electron cloud model was introduced by the Schrodinger and Heisenberg. According to this model, it would be difficult to know the position of the electrons in an atom and they are not particles that orbit around the nucleus. We can only expect the electrons to be present in specific areas called the electron clouds around the nucleus. It is the quantum mechanical model that used the concept of electron clouds. According to the model, the electron cloud or an orbital is a space around the nucleus in an atom where the probability of finding an electron is 90%. It explains that electrons show wave nature. It is difficult to determine the exact position and momentum of an electron in an atom.

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Complete Question

The complete question is shown on the first uploaded image

Answer

As the valve is opened , the gas will flow into the empty container until the both containers have the same pressure

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Explanation

In order to obtain the parameter in the part B of the question we are first obtain the initial pressure, using the ideal gas equation

$P = \frac{nRT}{V}$

$P = \frac{(2.4mol)(0.0821\frac{1 atm}{K \cdot \ mol} )}{4.0L}$

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The next thing is to obtain the new pressure of the gas , using boyle's law

$P_1V_1 = P_2V_2$

$P_2 = \frac{P_1 V_1}{V_2}$

$P_2 = \frac{(15 \ atm)(4.0L)}{24.0 L}$

$P_2 = 2.5 \ atm$

Since the this process is isothermal , the change in heat is equal to zero

i.e q = 0 J

The workdone to move the gas to the other container is zero because the the pressure at this second container is zero due to the fact that it is a vacuum

i.e $w = -P_{external} \Delta V$

$=-(0 \ atm) (24.0 - 4.0L)$

$= 0L \cdot atm$

Since the change in heat is zero and the workdone is zero then the change in internal energy is equal to 0

This is because the change in internal energy is equal to a summation of change in heat and the workdone

i.e $\Delta E = q + w$

$= 0J$

Generally the change in enthalpy is mathematically represented as

$\Delta H = n C_p \Delta T$

Since the temperature is zero this means that the change in temperature is zero , substituting this value for change in temperature into the equation for change in enthalpy

$\Delta H = n C_p (0)$

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