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3 years ago

Which best explains why ionization energy tends to decrease from the top to the bottom of a group?

Chemistry

2 answers:

zheka24 [161]3 years ago

6 0

Answer:

Electrons get farther from the nucleus (C on edg)

Setler79 [48]3 years ago

5 0

Answer:

Electrons are far apart from the nucleus as we move down the group.

Explanation:

The ionization energy is the amount of energy which is necessary to remove an electron from an atom.

In an atom there exist a force of attraction at the center (nucleus). This is because of the positive charge which exists in the nucleus. This force of attraction is less felt as the distance between the electron and the proton increases. Hence the ionization energy increases as the number of shells increases for an atom. As we move down the group in the periodic table, the number of shells increases which implies a decrease in ionization energy.

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The term _____ describes a substance that can act as both an acid and a base.

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The term amphoteric describes a substance that can act as both an acid and a base.

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3 years ago

What can liquids and gases do that solids cannot?

Aleks [24]

Answer:

What can liquids do that solids cannot?Liquids will flow and fill up any shape of container. Solids like to hold their shape. In the same way that a large solid holds its shape, the atoms inside of a solid are not allowed to move around too much. Atoms and molecules in liquids and gases are bouncing and floating around, free to move where they want.

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I hope this helps

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2 years ago

Many appliances in your home and school use electrical energy. Which of these appliances is intended to convert electrical energ

Solnce55 [7]

Answer:

music amplifier or a loudspeaker

Explanation:

A music amplifier or a loudspeaker are a few devices that convert electrical energy into sound energy.

As it is a well known fact that energy can neither be created nor be destroyed it can only change from one form to the other. As here it is changing from electrical to sound.

6 0

2 years ago

The expression of the theoretical yield (TY) in function of limiting reagent (LR) of a reaction is as follows: TY = ideal mole r

spin [16.1K]

Answer: The theoretical yield of acetanilide is 6.5 grams.

Explanation:

To calculate the number of moles, we use the equation:

$\text{Number of moles}=\frac{\text{Given mass}}{\text{Molar mass}}$ .....(1)

For aniline:

Given mass of aniline = $4.50\times 10^0=4.50g$ (We know that: $10^0=1$ )

Molar mass of aniline = 93.13 g/mol

Putting values in equation 1, we get:

$\text{Moles of aniline}=\frac{4.50g}{93.13g/mol}=0.048mol$

For acetic anhydride:

To calculate the mass of acetic anhydride, we use the equation:

$\text{Density of substance}=\frac{\text{Mass of substance}}{\text{Volume of substance}}$

Volume of acetic anhydride = $(1.25\times \text{Mass of aniline})=1.25\times 4.50=5.625mL$

Density of acetic anhydride = 1.08 g/mL

Putting values in above equation:

$1.08g/mL=\frac{\text{Mass of acetic anhydride}}{5.625mL}\\\\\text{Mass of acetic anhydride}=(1.08g/mL\times 5.625mL)=6.08g$

Given mass of acetic anhydride = 6.08 g

Molar mass of acetic anhydride = 102.1 g/mol

Putting values in equation 1, we get:

$\text{Moles of acetic anhydride}=\frac{6.08g}{102.1g/mol}=0.06mol$

The chemical equation for the reaction of aniline and acetic anhydride follows:

$C_6H_5NH_2+CH_3COOCOCH_3\rightarrow C_6H_5NHCOCH_3+CH_3COOH$

By Stoichiometry of the reaction:

1 mole of aniline reacts with 1 mole of acetic anhydride

So, 0.048 moles of aniline will react with = $\frac{1}{1}\times 0.048=0.048mol$ of acetic anhydride

As, given amount of acetic anhydride is more than the required amount. So, it is considered as an excess reagent.

Thus, aniline is considered as a limiting reagent because it limits the formation of product.

By Stoichiometry of the reaction:

1 mole of aniline produces 1 mole of acetanilide

So, 0.048 moles of aniline will produce = $\frac{1}{1}\times 0.048=0.048mol$ of acetanilide

Now, calculating the theoretical yield of acetanilide by using equation 1:

Moles of acetanilide = 0.048 moles

Molar mass of acetanilide = 135.17 g/mol

Putting values in equation 1, we get:

$0.048mol=\frac{\text{Mass of acetanilide}}{135.17g/mol}\\\\\text{Mass of acetanilide}=(0.048mol\times 135.17g/mol)=6.5g$

Hence, the theoretical yield of acetanilide is 6.5 grams.

3 0

3 years ago