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3 years ago

1. Calculate the molar mass of the substances involved in the reaction

1 answer:

Nookie1986 [14]3 years ago

3 0

The molar mass of a substance/chemical is the mass of the sample substance divided by the amount of substance in that sample.

Explanation:

In order to calculate the atomic mass of a substance we first obtain the atomic weight of the substance from the periodic table.
Then we count the number of atoms of the substance and multiply it with the individual atomic mass.

Molar mass of Citric Acid ( H3C6H5O7) is 192.1235 g/mol

It is calculated as :

Molar mass of C₆H₈O₇ = 6(atomic mass of C) + 8(atomic mass of H) + 7(atomic mass of O) = 6(12.0 g/mol) + 8(1.0 g/mol) + 7(16.0 g/mol) = 192.0 g/mol.

Molar mass of baking soda (NaHCO₃) is 84.0 g/mol

Molar mass of NaHCO₃ = (atomic mass of Na) + (atomic mass of H) + (atomic mass of C) + 3(atomic mass of O) = (23.0 g/mol) + (1.0 g/mol) + (12.0 g/mol) + 3(16.0 g/mol) = 84.0 g/mol.

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Based on the sign of E cell, classify these reactions as spontaneous or non spontaneous as written.? assume standard conditions.

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A electrochemical reaction is said to be spontaneous, if $E^{0} cell is positive.$

Answer 1:
Consider reaction: Ni^2+ (aq) + S^2- (aq) ----> + Ni (s) + S (s)

The cell representation of above reaction is given by;
 $S^{2-}/S // Ni^{2+}/Ni$

Hence, $E^{0}cell = E^{0} Ni^{2+/Ni} - E^{0} S/S^{2-}$
we know that, ${E^{0} Ni^{2+}/Ni = -0.25 v$
and ${E^{0} S/ S^{2-} = -0.47 v$

Therefore, $E^{0} cell$ = - 0.25 - (-0.47) = 0.22 v

Since, $E^{0} cell$ is positive, hence cell reaction is spontaneous
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Answer 2:
Consider reaction: Pb^2+ (aq) +H2 (g) ----> Pb (s) +2H^+ (aq)

The cell representation of above reaction is given by;
 $H_{2} / H^{+} // Pb^{2+} /Pb$

Hence, $E^{0}cell = E^{0} Pb/Pb^{2+} - E^{0} H_{2}/H^{+}$
we know that, ${E^{0} Pb^{2+}/Pb = -0.126 v$
and ${E^{0} H_{2}/ H^{+} = -0 v$

Therefore, $E^{0} cell$ = - 0.126 - 0 = -0.126 v

Since, $E^{0} cell$ is negative, hence cell reaction is non-spontaneous.

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Answer 3:
Consider reaction: 2Ag^+ (aq) + Cr(s) ---> 2 Ag (s) +Cr^2+ (aq)

The cell representation of above reaction is given by;
 $Cr/Cr^{2+} // Ag^{+}/Ag$

Hence, $E^{0}cell = E^{0} Ag^{+}/Ag - E^{0} Cr/Cr^{2+}$
we know that, ${E^{0} Ag^{+}/Ag = -0.22 v$
and ${E^{0} Cr/ Cr^{2+} = -0.913 v$

Therefore, $E^{0} cell$ = - 0.22 - (-0.913) = 0.693 v

Since, $E^{0} cell$ is positive, hence cell reaction is spontaneous

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3 years ago

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3 years ago

How many grams of XeF6 are required to react with 0.579 L of hydrogen gas at 4.46 atm and 45°C in the reaction shown below?

natka813 [3]

Answer:

8.1433 g of XeF₆ are required.

Explanation:

Balanced chemical equation;

XeF₆ (s) + 3H₂ (g) → Xe (g) + 6HF (g)

Given data:

Volume of hydrogen = 0.579 L

Pressure = 4.46 atm

Temperature = 45 °C (45+273= 318 k)

Solution:

First of all we will calculate the moles of hydrogen

PV = nRT

n = PV/ RT

n = 4.46 atm × 0.579 L / 0.0821 atm. dm³. mol⁻¹. K⁻¹ × 318 K

n = 2.6 atm . L / 26.12 atm. dm³. mol⁻¹

n = 0.0995 mol

Mass of hydrogen:

Mass = moles × molar mass

Mass = 0.0995 mol × 2.016 g/mol

Mass = 0.2006 g

Now we will compare the moles of hydrogen with XeF₆ from balance chemical equation.

H₂ : XeF₆

3 : 1

0.0995 : 1/3× 0.0995 = 0.0332 mol

Now we will calculate the mass of XeF₆.

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Mass = 0.0332 mol × 245.28 g/mol

Mass = 8.1433 g

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