Answer:
<em>Protons:
</em>
- Positively charged particle
- The number of these is the atomic number
- All atoms of a given element have the same number of these
<em>Neutrons: </em>
- Isotopes of a given element differ in the number of these
- The mass number is the number of these added to the number of protons
Explanation:
Protons (<em>positively charged</em>), neutrons (<em>neutral</em>) and electrons (negatively charged) are smaller than an atom and they are the main subatomic particles. The nucleus of an atom is composed of protons and neutrons, and the electrons are in the periphery at unknown pathways.
The <em>Atomic number</em> (Z) indicates the number of protons (
) in the nucleus. Every atom of an element have the <em>same atomic number</em>, thus the <em>same number of protons</em>.
The <em>mass number </em>(A) is the sum of the <em>number of protons</em> (
) <em>and neutrons</em> (N) that are present in the nucleus: <em>A= Z + N</em>
<em>Isotopes</em> are atoms of the <em>same element </em>which nucleus have the <em>same atomic number</em> (Z), and <em>different mass number (A)</em>, it means the <em>same number of protons</em> (
) and a <em>different number of neutrons</em> (N). For example, the oxygen in its natural state is a mixture of isotopes:
99.8% atoms with A= 16, Z=8, and N=8
0.037% atoms with A=17, Z=8, and N=9
0.204% atoms with A=18, Z=8, and N=10
Molarity = moles of solute(HCl)
------------------------------------
volume of the solution
= 1
------
5
= 0.2M.
Hence option B is correct.
Hope this helps!!
I thinlk it's by radiation?......
<span>Reaction: CI2 + H2O ----> HCIO + HCI
Oxidations states:
The oxitation state of Cl2 = 0, because the oxidation state of an atom alone or a molucule with one kind of atom is always 0.
The
oxidation state of Cl in HClO is +1 because the oxidation state of H is
+ 1, the oxidation state of O is - 2, and the molecule is neutral, so
+1 + 1 - 2 = 0
The oxidation state of Cl in HCl is - 1, because the oxidation state of H is +1 and the molecule is neutral, so - 1 + 1 = 0.
Also,
you shall remember that when an atom increases its oxidation state is
is oxidized and when an atoms reduces its oxidations state it is
reduced.
With that you conclude that the right option is the last statement: </span>Cl
has an oxidation number of 0 in Cl2. It is then reduced to CI- with an
oxidation number of –1 in HCl and is oxidized to Cl+ with an oxidation
number +1 in HClO.