The effect that malnutrition have on the fetus during critical development in pregnancy is that the impairment of the development of an organ is irreversible. Maternal malnutrition can adversely affect the division and replication of cells in the embryo at this stage, impairing its development. The effects of malnutrition during critical periods of pregnancy are seen in defects of the nervous system of the embryo, poor dental health among other effects.
Answer:
In a wetland ecosystem:
1- Indicator species: turtles
2- Keynote species: freshwater crayfish
Explanation:
A wetland is an ecosystem either covered with water or saturated with water. Examples of plants living in wetland ecosystems include water lilies lotus, trees (e.g., swamp she-oak), mosquito fern, eelgrass (<em>Vallisnaria spiralis</em>), etc. Examples of animals living in wetlands include dragonflies, mosquitoes, alligators, salamanders, snakes, turtles, grouse, plover, etc. Alligators and freshwater crayfish can be considered keystone species because they are fundamental and their presence defines wetland ecosystems (without these species, wetlands would be dramatically impacted). Moreover, turtles can be considered indicator species because their abundance and distribution in a wetland is an indicator of environmental conditions. These animals (turtles) carry around different organisms (e.g., algae) that are eaten by other species (e.g., fish), and thus contribute to the homeostasis of the ecosystem.
Answer:
Along a divergent plate boundary. I think that's the answer.
They take place inside the thylakoid membranes.
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