Answer: a. both reliable and valid
The parameters used to describe a particular trait or characteristic in a human behavior should be reliable and valid, in order to determine the response of the population with respect to a particular stimulus.
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Answer:</h2>
<h2>Photosynthesis is a process used by plants and other organisms to convert light energy into chemical energy that, through cellular respiration, can later be released to fuel the organism's metabolic activities</h2>
<h2>MaRk mE aS braiNliest ❤️</h2>
Answer:
Magnetic force, 
Explanation:
It is given that,
Velocity of proton, 
Angle between velocity and the magnetic field, θ = 53°
Magnetic field, B = 0.49 T
The mass of proton, 
The charge on proton, 
The magnitude of magnetic force is given by :



So, the magnitude of the magnetic force on the proton is
. Hence, this is the required solution.
I'll give just one. The eruption of Mount Tambora in 1815 was one of the volcanic eruptions with widespread damage. Mount Tambora erupted, bringing thermal waves and tsunamis that killed 38,000 people (estimated). It is not just the tsunami and thermal waves, but also the ash plume that caused a cool down on the earth's atmosphere by 5°C causing "The Year Without Summer" and caused crops worldwide to fail, or degrade causing famine. That is all I know :) have a good day.