Answer:
- <em>The mystery substance is</em> <u>C. Bromine (Br) </u>
Explanation:
<em>Argon (Ar) </em>is a noble gas. Whose freezing point is -189 °C (very low), thus it cannot be the frozen substance. Also, it is not reactive, thus is would have not reacted with iron. Hence, argon is not the mystery substance.
<em>Scandium (Sc) </em>is a metal from group 3 of the periodic table, thus is will not react with iron. Thus, scandium is not the mystery substance.
Both <em>bromine</em> and <em>iodine</em> are halogens (group 17 of the periodic table).
The freezing point of bromine is −7.2 °C, and the freezing point of iodine is 113.7 °C. Thus, both could be solids (frozen) in the lab.
The reactivity of the halogens decrease from top to bottom inside the group. Bromine is above iodine. Then bromine is more reactive than iodine.
Bromine is reactive enough to react with iron. Iodine is not reactive enough to react with iron.
You can find in the internet that bromine vapour over hot iron reacts producing iron(III) bromide. Also, that bromine vapors are red-brown.
Therefore, <em>the mystery substance is bromine (Br).</em>
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You have to be very careful with this question. A change in mass can also occur in chemical changes especially if you have too much of something. For example
CH4 + 1.5 02 ===> CO2 + H2O
If you have too much of either CH4 or O2, there will be some CH4 or O2 left over. There has been a change in mass that you have too much of.
However that is not the point of the question. It is just something you need to be aware of.
Suppose you have a piece of aluminum and you take a course grinder after it. You will change the texture of the side you took the grinder to. If the aluminum has been anodized (a color has been put on it's surface), you may grind the color off or if it is just plain aluminum, you may roughen the surface, but you won't change what the aluminum will do chemically.
You may need only a small portion of the aluminum and you grind off just what you need. That will change the mass of both what you took off and the piece that you want, but the aluminum will still do whatever chemical property you need to use.
So you can change both texture and mass without changing the chemical properties of the substance whose mass or texture you are changing.
<span>d. These elements make up most of the matter of the known universe</span>
