Answer:
N = -3
H = +1
O = -2
Cl = +1
Explanation:
The balanced Equation of the reaction above is:
NH3 + 3HOCl ----> NCl3 + 3H2O
Where NH3 is ammonia;
HOCl is Oxochlorate (I) acid
NCl3 is nitrogen trichloride
H2O is water
Nitrogen in both Ammonia and Nitrogen trichloride has an oxidation state of -3. It shares three electrons with each of the three atoms of hydrogen and chlorine
Hydrogen in both Oxochlorate (I) acid and in water has an oxidation state of +1. Each atom shares an election with oxyen in both compounds.
Oxygen in both Oxochlorate (I) acid and water has an oxidation state of -2. Each atom shares two electrons with neighboring atoms; in HOCl, it shares with chlorine and hydrogen, while in H2O, it shares with two atoms of hydrogen.
Chlorine in both Oxochlorate (i) acid and Nitrogen trichloride has an oxidation state of +1. It shares an electron with each of it's neighboring bonded atoms.
a. 43.1 g
b. 38.2%
<h3>Further explanation</h3>
Given
32.5 grams of NaOH
Required
The theoretical yield of Na₂CO₃
The percent yield
Solution
Reaction
2NaOH(s) + CO₂(g) → Na₂CO₃(s) + H₂O(l)
mol NaOH :
= mass : MW
= 32.5 : 40 g/mol
= 0.8125
mol Na₂CO₃ from the equation :
= 1/2 x mol NaOH
= 1/2 x 0.8125
= 0.40625
a.
Mass Na₂CO₃ :
= mol x MW Na₂CO₃
= 0.40625 x 106 g/mol
= 43.0625≈43.1 g
b. % yield = (actual/theoretical) x 100%
%yield = 16.45/43.1 x 1005
%yield = 38.17%≈38.2%
A catalyst is a substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without itself being consumed . (ans: second choice)
