Answer:
-26 m/s (backward)
Explanation:
We can solve this problem by using the law of conservation of momentum.
In fact, the total momentum momentum of the cannon + ball system must be conserved before and after the explosion.
Before the explosion, they are both at rest, so the total momentum is zero:
p = 0
After the explosion, the total momentum is:

where
M = 1.5 kg is the mass of the cannon
m = 0.52 kg is the mass of the ball
v = +75 m/s is the velocity of the ball
V is the velocity of the cannon
Since the momentum is conserved, we can equate the two expressions:

And solving, we find V:

where the negative sign means the direction is opposite to that of the ball.
Answer:
other part will move with momentum 0.5 kg m/s towards west
Explanation:
As we know that the during the explosion event the time interval is very small and there is no impulsive force on the firecracker during this time
so here we can say that the momentum will remains conserved during the this event
now if the initial momentum of the firecracker is zero
then the final momentum must be zero
so here we can say

towards east
now from above equation

so the other part will move with momentum 0.5 kg m/s towards west
Answer:
Object could only be moving with increasing speed.
Explanation:
Let us consider the general formula of acceleration:
a = (Vf - Vi)/t
Vf = Vi + at -------- equation 1
where,
Vf = Final Velocity
Vi = Initial Velocity
a = acceleration
t = time
<u>FOR POSITIVE ACCELERATION:</u>
Vf = Vi + at
since, both acceleration and time are positive quantities. Hence, it means that the final velocity of the object shall be greater than the initial velocity of the object.
Vf > Vi
It clearly shows that if an object moves with positive acceleration. <u>It could only be moving with increasing speed.</u>
Solving the same equation for negative acceleration shows that the final velocity will be less than initial velocity and object will be moving with decreasing speed.
And for the constant velocity final and initial velocities are equal and thus, acceleration will be zero.