Explanation:
Both Darwin and Mendel proposed their theory at the same time but they never communicated with each other. They both explained the population and studied the variation between them and in them.
The variation within a population could be of two types: the discontinuous traits and the quantitative trait.
A discrete trait refers to a trait that is usually controlled by only one gene that is only two alleles or two variants are observed in the population whereas the quantitative trait is a trait that can be determined by more than one gene like the variation in height.
Answer:
What are specialized cells
Answer:
Abstract
Down syndrome (DS) is associated with aberrations in genetic, morphological, biochemical and physiological characteristics. A number of genes located on human chromosome 21 (HSA21) encode proteins which are thought to be involved in numerous metabolic pathways, e.g., phosphofructokinase, cystathionine β-synthase etc. Perturbations of the metabolic pathways may lead to altered drug metabolism in DS individuals. We present a review of metabolic aberrations linked to HSA21 genes in DS. We particularly focus on drug disposition, efficacy, sensitivity and toxicity of anti-leukaemic agents including methotrexate, glucocorticoids, anthracyclines and cytarabine in DS leukaemia. The different outcomes of therapy due to differential drug response, varied drug toxicity and treatment related mortality in DS leukaemia is a subject of much research and speculation. Altered drug response in DS individuals may stem from differences in pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and pharmacogenetics. Further large-cohort studies in different age groups dissecting metabolic and molecular pathways involved in drug response may increase our understanding in this regard and stipulate pharmacotherapies in DS.
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