Vanillin is the common name for 4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-benzaldehyde.
See attached figure for the structure.
Vanillin have 3 functional groups:
1) aldehyde group: R-HC=O, in which the carbon is double bonded to oxygen
2) phenolic hydroxide group: R-OH, were the hydroxyl group is bounded to a carbon from the benzene ring
3) ether group: R-O-R, were hydrogen is bounded through sigma bonds to carbons
Now for the hybridization we have:
The carbon atoms involved in the benzene ring and the red carbon atom (from the aldehyde group) have a <u>sp²</u> hybridization because they are involved in double bonds.
The carbon atom from the methoxy group (R-O-CH₃) and the blue oxygen's have a <u>sp³</u> hybridization because they are involved only in single bonds.
Answer:
5.231 L.
Explanation:
- Molarity is the no. of moles of solute per 1.0 L of the solution.
<em>M = (no. of moles of KCl)/(Volume of the solution (L))</em>
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M = 6.5 M.
no. of moles of solute = 34.0 mol,
Volume of the solution = ??? L.
∴ (6.5 M) = (34.0 mol)/(Volume of the solution (L))
∴ (Volume of the solution (L) = (34.0 mol)/(6.5 M) = 5.231 L.
Answer: The space occupied by the gas at 400 torr and 
is 250 mL.
Explanation:
Given: 
= 250 mL, 
= 800 torr, 
, 
= 400 torr, 
Formula used is as follows.
Substitute the values into above formula as follows.
Thus, we can conclude that space occupied by the gas at 400 torr and is 250 mL.
Valence.
The electrons in the outer shell of an atom are called valence electrons.
Valence electrons determine whether the an element is ready form compounds. These electrons can be gained, lost, or shared in the formation of compounds.
