A. I am pretty sue that the answer is A.
Answer:
D
Explanation:
Your brain sends out the commands to the effectors in the body, but the sensors around the body send information to be processed in the brain about equilibrium.
Answer:
The biologist is analyzing deleterious and beneficial mutations.
Explanation:
In general, mutations are deleterious genetic changes that negatively affect the fitness of the individual in a particular environment. However, there are occasions where a mutation may be beneficial. These mutations are beneficial because they confer an adaptive advantage (for example, by generating new versions of proteins) that enable the individual to adapt to their environment, thereby increasing their chances to survive and reproduce. If a beneficial mutation is new it will be distributed disproportionately among populations, thereby it is possible to determine the novelty by determining the frequency of the mutation among populations. Ideally, this new mutation should have a value of 0 in the non-target populations (i.e., this mutation does not exist in these populations), and a very low value in the target population (i.e., this mutation appeared very recently). Since mutations provide the raw material for natural selection, it is expected that a new mutation increases their frequency in the population, but if this genetic change is deleterious in a particular environment, natural selection will decrease their frequency. Deleterious mutations are accumulated in populations with small sizes faster than it can eliminate them, thereby the identification of these genetic changes can result useful for the design of conservation strategies in endangered species.
C. An organism experienced punctuated equilibrium and rapidly evolved into another organism entirely.
The work of Broca, Fritsch, Hitzig, and Ferrier demonstrated localized brain function, which was similar to predictions made by phrenologists. Phrenology is a pseudoscience.
Phrenology is a pseudoscience aimed at measuring bumps on the skull to predict personality traits.
Eduard Hitzig and Gustav Fritsch demonstrated that electrical stimulation of specific areas of the cerebral cortex could trigger movement.
Broca's area is an area located in the frontal part of the left brain hemisphere discovered by Paul Broca, who observed how this area has a fundamental function for the generation of speech in humans.
Finally, David Ferrier was a neurologist who discovered a series of motor fields within the cerebral cortex of monkeys.
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