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Vika [28.1K]
3 years ago
14

Why is cellulose not a source of nutrients for humans? Humans cannot absorb the hydrolyzed form of cellulose. Humans, and most v

ertebrates, lack the enzyme cellulase. Cellulose is a structural carbohydrate, and therefore is not useful as an energy source. Vertebrate enzymes hydrolyze (α 1–4) glucose linkages, but not glucose in the β configuration. Cellulose digestion must occur in a basic environment, but the human gut is acidic.
Chemistry
2 answers:
adell [148]3 years ago
8 0

Answer:

The correct answer is vertebrate enzyme hydrolyze alpha-1,4 glycosidic linkage but not glucose in the beta configuration.

Explanation:

The amylase that is present inside human body is called salivary alpha amylase,an enzyme that digest the alpha-1,4-glycosidic linkages of starch but does not act on those glycosidic linkages which are present in beta configuration.

       Cellulose contain beta-1,4-glycosidic linkages.That"s why it is not digested by the alpha amylase enzyme present inside the human body basically present in the saliva.

notsponge [240]3 years ago
8 0

"Humans" and most "vertebrates", lack the enzyme cellulose and "Vertebrate enzymes hydrolyze (a 1–4) glucose" linkages, but not glucose in the "ß configuration" these are the reasons is why cellulose is not the origin of nutrients for human beings.

Option: B and D

<u>Explanation</u>:

Cellulose is an example of polysaccharides (carbohydrate polymer linked with multiple glucose monosaccharide units). It is found in plants and breakdown of cellulose can only occur mainly in cows, buffaloes, horses, sheep, goats, termites etc as they have symbiotic bacteria in their intestinal tract which carry cellulose enzyme and responsible for cellulose hydrolysis in the gastro-intestinal tract. But animals cannot digest it 100% or directly. Cellulose is having glucose linked with beta acetal linkage which makes it alters from starch having alpha acetal linkage. Hence this mark reason behind the difference in digestibility of cellulose in animals and vertebrates.

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From the reaction of ammonia and sulfuric acid in aqueous solution 2nh3(aq)+h2so4(aq)<span>→</span> (NH4)2SO4 + H2O will be formed.Sulfuric acid is diprotic so is able to give up 2 H+ ions. It is an acid-base neutralisation reaction forming ammonium sulphate as the salt. 2NH3 with H2SO4 reacts in a neutralization reaction to form salt water, with ammonium sulphate left behind to crystallize after evaporation.
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Which statements are true about reversible reactions?
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Reversible reactions exhibit constant concentrations of reactants and products at equilibrium

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Cryolite, Na3AlF6(s), an ore used in the production of aluminum, can be synthesized using aluminum oxide. Balance the equation f
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<u>Answer:</u> The mass of cryolite produced is 51.48 kg

<u>Explanation:</u>

To calculate the number of moles, we use the equation:

\text{Number of moles}=\frac{\text{Given mass}}{\text{Molar mass}}      .....(1)

  • <u>For aluminium oxide:</u>

Given mass of aluminium oxide = 12.5 kg = 12500 g    (Conversion factor:  1 kg = 1000 g)

Molar mass of aluminium oxide = 101.96 g/mol

Putting values in equation 1, we get:

\text{Moles of aluminium oxide}=\frac{12500g}{101.96g/mol}=122.6mol

  • <u>For NaOH:</u>

Given mass of NaOH = 55.4 kg = 55400 g

Molar mass of NaOH = 40 g/mol

Putting values in equation 1, we get:

\text{Moles of NaOH}=\frac{55400g}{40g/mol}=1389mol

  • <u>For HF:</u>

Given mass of HF = 55.4 kg = 55400 g

Molar mass of HF = 20 g/mol

Putting values in equation 1, we get:

\text{Moles of HF}=\frac{55400g}{20g/mol}=2770mol

For the given chemical reaction:

Al_2O_3(s)+6NaOH(l)+12HF(g)\rightarrow 2Na_3AlF_6+9H_2O(g)

By Stoichiometry of the reaction:

1 mole of aluminium oxide reacts with 6 moles of sodium hydroxide and 12 moles of HF.

So, 122.6 moles of aluminium oxide will react with (6\times 122.6)=735.6mol of sodium hydroxide and (12\times 122.6)=1471.2mol of HF

As, given amount of NaOH and HF is more than the required amount. So, they are considered as an excess reagent.

Thus, aluminium oxide is considered as a limiting reagent because it limits the formation of product.

By Stoichiometry of the reaction:

1 mole of aluminium oxide produces 2 moles of cryolite

So, 122.6 moles of aluminium oxide will produce = \frac{2}{1}\times 122.6=245.2mol of cryolite

Now, calculating the mass of cryolite by using equation 1:

Molar mass of cryolite = 209.94 g/mol

Moles of cryolite = 245.2 mol

Putting values in equation 1, we get:

245.2mol=\frac{\text{Mass of cryolite}}{209.94g/mol}\\\\\text{Mass of cryolite}=(245.2mol\times 209.94g/mol)=51477.3g

Converting this into kilograms, we use the conversion factor:

1 kg = 1000 g

So, 51477.3 g\times (\frac{1kg}{1000g})=51.48kg

Hence, the mass of cryolite produced is 51.48 kg

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