Smog. Im pretty sure smog is the only unhealthful air pollution on this list.
Answer:
D. Specialist Species
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What is the advantage for species to be specialists, and how can they survive in the presence of opportunistic/generalist species?</h2>
In the setting of specialized habitats or unique situations, specialized species exist. When those conditions and surroundings change, they must adapt or go extinct, thus they must survive while they still exist.
When compared to generalists, they have the benefit of efficiency, which increases the likelihood of survival and, hence, reproduction within certain settings or situations. The generalists, on the other hand, have the benefit of being able to survive in a larger variety of circumstances and have a higher probability of doing so.
Cactuses, which are plants adapted to dry environments, are an example of specialization. More generalist plant species would typically outcompete cacti in most habitats on Earth, but very few of such species could endure the harsh conditions of a desert.
Extreme environmental conditions, competition for limited resources, and "evolutionary arms races" are some of the pressures that cause specialization. Cheetahs sprint quickly both because their prey moves quickly and because quicker cheetahs will be more effective hunters and more likely to procreate. The advantage of specialization is clear when seen from the standpoint of catching the next meal on a daily basis.
My key argument is that specialization's benefits must always be viewed in the context of the environment that generated the selective pressure that resulted in specialization. Although experts are specialists because they must be, their specializations put them in danger.
Hello! Autotrophs make their own food (plants) and heterotrophs consume other organisms for energy (consumers.) Autotrophs use the process of photosynthesis to produce the oxygen as one of its products. Heterotrophs use the oxygen produced by the autotrophs to perform cellular respiration, which releases carbon dioxide that plants use; it's a balanced cycle. Hope this helps!
Answer:
(C) The main predator of these fish is another species of fish on which alligators also prey.
Explanation:
The ecosystems are complex systems, and removing one species of them, always has a chain reaction and affects the population of the other species, be it in a positive or negative manner. In this case, the alligators prey upon fish, multiple different species. The alligators though have been removed from the ecosystem, thus the apex predator exists no more. This has opened up the top predator niche in the food chain in this particular ecosystem. The predatory fish species had no predators of its own, so its population increased, thus it needed more food, and that food was obtained by hunting the other fish species, resulting in a decline in the population of the other species of fish. Only when the carrying capacity is reached in the ecosystem for the predatory fish, the population of the other fish will stop declining.
