The hemoglobin holoenzyme (active enzyme) is a complex of an iron ion and 4 subunits- 2 hemoglobin alpha and two hemoglobin beta. People with sickle cell disease have mutated beta hemoglobins. The mutation is a single nucleotide exchange, that changes the 6th amino acid of protein primary struture - a Glutamic acid into Valine. This one alteration changes the tree dimentional structure of hemoglobin beta so, that it forms lond fibres that disrupt the normal circular form of the red blood cells.
At the Earth's surface, rocks usually break quite quickly, but deeper in the crust, where temperatures and pressures are higher, rocks are more likely to deform plastically. Sudden stress, such as a hit with a hammer, is more likely to make a rock break. Stress applied over time often leads to plastic deformation. Hope this helps. ヅ
Enzymes are biological catalysts. Catalysts lower the activation energy for reactions. The lower the activation energy for a reaction, the faster the rate. Thus enzymes speed up reactions by lowering activation energy.
Water and ATP energy
where carbon dioxide is a waste product and is released into the atmosphere.
Answer:
Merlin's paper discusses two types of data: artifactual and paleoethnobotanical. Give specific examples of each and describe the sources of data and the ...
