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Paul [167]
3 years ago
8

Describe the preparation of 2.000 L of 0.0500 M AgNO3 (169.87 g/mol) from the primary-standard-grade solid.

Chemistry
1 answer:
Tanzania [10]3 years ago
5 0

Answer:

Transfer 1.6987 grams of AgNO₃ into a mixing container and add solvent up to but not to exceed 2.000 Liters total volume. Mix and apply as needed.

Explanation:

A simple formula for determining the amount of reagent needed for a specified solution from a manufacturer's 'solid' reagent** is ...

grams solute needed = Molarity x Volume of Solution in Liters x Molecular Weight of solute

Determination of mass of solute needed:

∴ grams AgNO₃ needed* = M·V·mol. wt = (0.0500M)(2.000L)(169.87g·mol⁻¹) = 1.6987 grams AgNO₃

*assumes 100% pure reagent.

Preparation:

Transfer 1.6987 grams of AgNO₃ into a mixing container and add solvent up to but not to exceed 2.000 Liters total volume. Mix and apply as needed.

________________________________

NOTE => FYI => If a manufacturer's liquid form reagent is used, one must divide calculated grams by density of liquid supplied and gives volume in milliliters (ml) needed to prepare a specified solution.

Vol reagent needed for soln prep in milliliters = (Molarity·Volume in Liters·formula wt of reagent)/(density of stock liquid concentrate)

That is,  Vol(ml) = [(M)(V)(f.wt.)] / density of stock

Prep: Transfer needed volume (ml) of liquid stock into mixing vessel and add solvent up to but not to exceed total volume of solution needed.

<em>NOTE => Caution when applying to strong acids. 1st add a small quantity of water such that water + volume of acid is less than total volume needed followed by strong acid, then dilute to the needed total volume. Such prevents solution from overheating because of high rate of ionization and flashing out of container.</em>    

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The net ionic equation of chromium (iii) hydroxide reacting with nitrous acid:

Cr(OH)₃ (s) + 3H⁺ (aq) ⇒ Cr³⁺ (aq) + 3H₂O (l)

<h3>Further explanation</h3>

The electrolyte in the solution produces ions.

The equation of a chemical reaction can be expressed in the equation of the ions

For strong electrolytes (the ionization rate = 1) is written in the form of separate ions, while the weak electrolyte (degree of ionization <1) is still written as an un-ionized molecule

In the ion equation, there is a spectator ion that is the ion which does not change (does not react) because it is present before and after the reaction

When these ions are removed, the ionic equation is called the net ionic equation

For gases and solids including water (H₂O) can be written as an ionized molecule

So only the dissolved compound is ionized ((expressed in symbol aq)

From the problem, it is stated that chromium (iii) hydroxide reacting with nitrous acid.

Reactions that occur:

Cr(OH)₃ (s) + 3HNO₂ (aq) ⇒ Cr(NO₂)₃ (aq) + 3H₂O (l)

Cr (OH)₃ solid form that does not decompose in the form of ions, as well as water (H₂O)

So the ionic equation becomes:

Cr(OH)₃ (s) + 3H⁺ (aq) + 3NO₂⁻ (aq) ⇒ Cr³⁺ (aq) + 3NO₂⁻ (aq) + 3H₂O (l)

There is an ion spectator that is 3NO₂⁻, so that if it is removed a net ionic equation will be formed:

Cr(OH)₃ (s) + 3H⁺ (aq) ⇒ Cr³⁺ (aq) + 3H₂O (l)

<h3>Learn more</h3>

the net ionic equation

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Keywords: the net ionic equation, an ion spectator

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