The correct answer is 50%, or 1/2. We know that round seeds are dominant, since the round pea plant has a genotype of Rr and the wrinkled pea plant has a genotype of rr. If it helps, draw a Punnett square with the two genotypes.
R r r r
The square works exactly like a coordinate grid. Combine the letters above and beside whichever of the four spaces you chose to find the genotype for that space.
R r r Rr rr r Rr rr
Therefore, 2 out of 4 of the pea plants have round seeds, since a genotype of Rr means that a plant will have round seeds, and 2 out of 4 will have wrinkled seeds, since a genotype of rr means that a plant will have wrinkled seeds. 2/4 simplifies to 1/2, or 50%. Therefore, there is a 50% chance that the offspring will have wrinkled seeds.
A mutation is a change that occurs in our DNA sequence, either due to mistakes when the DNA is copied or as the result of environmental factors such as UV light and cigarette smoke.
Reading through the entire investigation before beginning the procedure can help prevent accidents by giving you the knowledge of what to do beforehand and preparing you for what is to come.
